ArticleCancer immunology research2015
A Paracrine Role for IL6 in Prostate Cancer Patients: Lack of Production by Primary or Metastatic Tumor Cells.
Article in Cancer immunology research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between immunosuppressive cytokines and PSA progression in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer treated with intermittent hormonal therapy.The Prostate · 2020Trial
- Differential regulation of TNFα and IL-6 expression contributes to immune evasion in prostate cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Health inequity drives disease biology to create disparities in prostate cancer outcomes.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Review
- Association of Genetic Polymorphisms and Serum Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 with the Prognosis in Children with Neuroblastoma.Cancers · 2021Article
- Interleukin-6 Function and Targeting in Prostate Cancer.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Article
- The STAT3-miR-223-TGFBR3/HMGCS1 axis modulates the progression of cervical carcinoma.Molecular oncology · 2020Article
- Reduced T-cell Numbers and Elevated Levels of Immunomodulatory Cytokines in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Patients De Novo Resistant to Abiraterone and/or Enzalutamide Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Mass Cytometry Imaging for the Study of Human Diseases-Applications and Data Analysis Strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- If this is true, what does it imply? How end-user antibody validation facilitates insights into biology and disease.Asian journal of urology · 2019Review
- Exogenous IL-6 induces mRNA splice variant MBD2_v2 to promote stemness in TP53 wild-type, African American PCa cells.Molecular oncology · 2018Article
- Sprouty2 loss-induced IL6 drives castration-resistant prostate cancer through scavenger receptor B1.EMBO molecular medicine · 2018Article
- Immune-suppressive effects of interleukin-6 on T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity.Cancer science · 2018Review
- Rapid Loss of RNA Detection by In Situ Hybridization in Stored Tissue Blocks and Preservation by Cold Storage of Unstained Slides.American journal of clinical pathology · 2017Article
- The Role and Mechanism of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- TLR9 expression and secretion of LIF by prostate cancer cells stimulates accumulation and activity of polymorphonuclear MDSCs.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2017Article
- Myeloid-derived cells in prostate cancer progression: phenotype and prospective therapies.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2017Review
- Expression of STAT3 in Prostate Cancer Metastases.European urology · 2017Article
- Prostate-specific IL-6 transgene autonomously induce prostate neoplasm through amplifying inflammation in the prostate and peri-prostatic adipose tissue.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2017Article
- Obesity does not promote tumorigenesis of localized patient-derived prostate cancer xenografts.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Linking obesogenic dysregulation to prostate cancer progression.Endocrine connections · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Correlative human studies suggest that the pleiotropic cytokine IL6 contributes to the development and/or progression of prostate cancer. However, the source of IL6 production in the prostate microenvironment in patients has yet to be determined. The cellular origin of IL6 in primary and metastatic prostate cancer was examined in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using a highly sensitive and specific chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) assay that underwent extensive analytical validation. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that benign prostate tissues often had higher expression of IL6 mRNA than matched tumor specimens. CISH analysis further indicated that both primary and metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma cells do not express IL6 mRNA. IL6 expression was highly heterogeneous across specimens and was nearly exclusively restricted to the prostate stromal compartment--including endothelial cells and macrophages, among other cell types. The number of IL6-expressing cells correlated positively with the presence of acute inflammation. In metastatic disease, tumor cells were negative in all lesions examined, and IL6 expression was restricted to endothelial cells within the vasculature of bone metastases. Finally, IL6 was not detected in any cells in soft tissue metastases. These data suggest that, in prostate cancer patients, paracrine rather than autocrine IL6 production is likely associated with any role for the cytokine in disease progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.