ArticleAmerican journal of translational research2015
Activation of toll-like receptor 2 promotes invasion by upregulating MMPs in glioma stem cells.
Article in American journal of translational research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complement system-related gene signatures implicated in the recurrence of glioma.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- A Narrative Review on CD44's Role in Glioblastoma Invasion, Proliferation, and Tumor Recurrence.Cancers · 2023Review
- Dysregulation of inflammasome activation in glioma.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Review
- TLR9 and Glioma: Friends or Foes?Cells · 2022Review
- Circadian Regulator CLOCK Drives Immunosuppression in Glioblastoma.Cancer immunology research · 2022Article
- Molecular mechanism by which CDCP1 promotes proneural-mesenchymal transformation in primary glioblastoma.Cancer cell international · 2022Article
- Proteases Regulate Cancer Stem Cell Properties and Remodel Their Microenvironment.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society · 2021Review
- Toll-like receptors and toll-like receptor-targeted immunotherapy against glioma.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2021Review
- The increasing expression of GPX7 related to the malignant clinical features leading to poor prognosis of glioma patients.Chinese neurosurgical journal · 2021Article
- ZEB1 promotes colorectal cancer cell invasion and disease progression by enhanced LOXL2 transcription.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2021Article
- Temozolomide Treatment Induces HMGB1 to Promote the Formation of Glioma Stem Cells via the TLR2/NEAT1/Wnt Pathway in Glioblastoma.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Toll-Like Receptor 2 at the Crossroad between Cancer Cells, the Immune System, and the Microbiota.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Crosstalk between microglia and patient-derived glioblastoma cells inhibit invasion in a three-dimensional gelatin hydrogel model.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Article
- Tumor Cell Invasion in Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- MicroRNA-338-5p plays a tumor suppressor role in glioma through inhibition of the MAPK-signaling pathway by binding to FOXD1.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2018Article
- Glioblastoma multiforme-derived extracellular vesicles drive normal astrocytes towards a tumour-enhancing phenotype.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2018Article
- Role of Microenvironment in Glioma Invasion: What We Learned from In Vitro Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Article
- Research on human glioma stem cells in China.Neural regeneration research · 2017Review
- Carboxyethylpyrroles: From Hypothesis to the Discovery of Biologically Active Natural Products.Chemical research in toxicology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Invasion is one of the deadly characteristics of malignant glioma with unknown underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we investigated the role of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in the invasiveness of malignant glioma. We enriched glioma stem cells (GSCs) from mouse GL261 cell line by means of tumor sphere formation, and found that GSCs expressed a significantly higher level of TLR2 than committed GL261 cells at the levels of mRNA and protein. Stimulation with Pam3CSK4, a ligand of TLR2, significantly increased the migration and invasion capability of GSCs. Knockdown of TLR2 attenuated the stimulating effect of Pam3CSK4 and the invasion capability of GSCs. An orthotopic allograft tumor model showed that TLR2-knockdown decreased the invasion capability of GSCs and prolonged survival span of tumor-bearing mice. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinases 2, 9 (MMP2 and MMP9) by GSCs were enhanced by treatment of Pam3CSK4 and decreased by TLR2 knockdown, implying that MMP2 and MMP9 were involved in TLR2-mediated invasion of GSCs. Our findings indicate that the activation of TLR2 up-regulates MMPs to promote invasion of GSCs, and suggest that TLR2 might be a potential therapeutic target for treatment of glioma patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26045899PMC4448199W898039088What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.