Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26044298›Full record

ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2015

STRUCTURAL VIROLOGY. X-ray crystal structures of native HIV-1 capsid protein reveal conformational variability.

Anna T Gres, Karen A Kirby, Vineet N KewalRamani, John J Tanner, Owen Pornillos, Stefan G Sarafianos

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 179 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
179citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

179 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Mechanism of HIV-1 Capsid Rupture and Uncoating by Reverse Transcription.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Article
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  9. Article
  10. Exploring the Structural Divergence of HIV and SRLV Lentiviral Capsids.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Characterization of antiviral compounds using Bio-Layer Interferometry.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Kinetic implications of IPScience advances · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Quinazolinone-based Subchemotypes for Targeting HIV-1 Capsid Protein: Design and Synthesis.Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents · 2024
    Article

119 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anna T GresChristopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Karen A KirbyChristopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Vineet N KewalRamaniBasic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
John J TannerDepartment of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Owen PornillosDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Stefan G SarafianosChristopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. sarafianoss@missouri.edu.

Funding

Project 9P50GM103368 · NIGMS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI ARNOLD, EDWARD · 2012 to 2016
$20.0M
The role of CPSF6 in HIV-1 infectionZIABC010487 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI KEWALRAMANI, VINEET N · 2009 to 2025
$13.0M
Structural studies of HIV Capsid with host factors and Capsid-targeting antiviralsR01AI120860 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA · PI Stefan G Sarafianos, Zhengqiang Wang · 2015 to 2026
$6.0M
New Animal Models to Study HIV-1 Pathogenesis, Therapy, and ReservoirsZIABC010488 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI KEWALRAMANI, VINEET N · 2009 to 2025
$5.2M
Structure Analysis of Viral Assembly MechanismsR01GM066087 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI YEAGER, MARK JAY · 2003 to 2014
$4.4M
Ultrapotent Inhibitors of Wild-type and Multi-drug Resistant HIVR01AI076119 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA · PI SARAFIANOS, STEFAN G · 2008 to 2018
$4.1M
Hepatitis C antivirals: Mechanism of action, combination efficacy and resistanceR01AI099284 · NIAID · ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY · PI RICE, CHARLES M · 2012 to 2016
$3.6M
Ultrapotent Inhibitors of Wild-type and Multi-drug Resistant HIVR37AI076119 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Stefan G Sarafianos · 2020 to 2026
$3.6M
Novel antivirals targeting the RNase H activity of HIV reverse transcriptaseR01AI100890 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA · PI SARAFIANOS, STEFAN G, WANG, ZHENGQIANG · 2012 to 2016
$3.6M
Capsid-Targeting Small Molecules Blocking HIV through Novel Mechanism of ActionR21AI112417 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA · PI SARAFIANOS, STEFAN G · 2014 to 2015
$414k
NIAID NIH HHS AI076119NIAID NIH HHS AI099284NIAID NIH HHS AI100890NIAID NIH HHS AI112417NIAID NIH HHS AI120860NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI076119NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI099284NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI100890NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI120860NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI112417NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI076119NIGMS NIH HHS GM066087NIGMS NIH HHS GM103368NIGMS NIH HHS P50 GM103368NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM066087
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The detailed molecular interactions between native HIV-1 capsid protein (CA) hexamers that shield the viral genome and proteins have been elusive. We report crystal structures describing interactions between CA monomers related by sixfold symmetry within hexamers (intrahexamer) and threefold and twofold symmetry between neighboring hexamers (interhexamer). The structures describe how CA builds hexagonal lattices, the foundation of mature capsids. Lattice structure depends on an adaptable hydration layer modulating interactions among CA molecules. Disruption of this layer alters interhexamer interfaces, highlighting an inherent structural variability. A CA-targeting antiviral affects capsid stability by binding across CA molecules and subtly altering interhexamer interfaces remote to the ligand-binding site. Inherent structural plasticity, hydration layer rearrangement, and effector binding affect capsid stability and have functional implications for the retroviral life cycle.

Indexed as

Amino Acid SequenceCapsidCrystallography, X-Raygag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusHIV-1Molecular Sequence DataProtein MultimerizationProtein Structure, Secondarygag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Identifiers

PMID26044298
PMCPMC4584149

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.