ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2015
Mortality Risk After AIDS-Defining Opportunistic Illness Among HIV-Infected Persons--San Francisco, 1981-2012.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Guideline
- Guideline
- HIV cure: from early therapies to cutting-edge strategies.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Review
- Emerging Resistance of Filamentous Bacteria in the Oral Cavity of HIV-Positive Patients in Tehran, Iran.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Associative study of human herpesvirus 8 and Kaposi's sarcoma: Mapping viral oncogenic properties and the clinical scenario in oncological patients.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- HIV infection.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023Review
- HIV associated cell death: Peptide-induced apoptosis restricts viral transmission.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- Development and Evaluation of Rapid and Accurate CRISPR/Cas13-Based RNA Diagnostics forFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Demographic and sexual risk predictors of delay discounting of condom-protected sex.Psychology & health · 2020Article
- Article
- CD4/CD8 Ratio and CD4 Nadir Predict Mortality Following Noncommunicable Disease Diagnosis in Adults Living with HIV.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2019Article
- Diabetes negatively impacts the ten-year survival rates of people living with HIV.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2019Article
- Short- and Long-term Risks of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment with Incident Opportunistic Infections among People Living with HIV/AIDS.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Treatment of Toxoplasmosis: Historical Perspective, Animal Models, and Current Clinical Practice.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2018Review
- Recurring and emerging questions related to management of HIV-related opportunistic infections.Topics in antiviral medicine · 2018Article
- AIDS-related opportunistic illnesses and early initiation of HIV care remain critical in the contemporary HAART era: a retrospective cohort study in Taiwan.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Observational
- Community-Acquired Meningitis in HIV-Infected Patients in the United States.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2018Article
- Approach to Fungal Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals: Pneumocystis and Beyond.Clinics in chest medicine · 2017Review
- Head and Neck Cancers Case Control Study of HIV Positive Compared to Negative Patients in a Ugandan Population Sample.International journal of clinical oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2017Article
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9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine whether improved human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment was associated with better survival after diagnosis of AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses (AIDS-OIs) and how survival differed by AIDS-OI.
designWe used HIV surveillance data to conduct a survival analysis.
methodsWe estimated survival probabilities after first AIDS-OI diagnosis among adult patients with AIDS in San Francisco during 3 treatment eras: 1981-1986; 1987-1996; and 1997-2012. We used Cox proportional hazards models to determine adjusted mortality risk by AIDS-OI in the years 1997-2012.
resultsAmong 20 858 patients with AIDS, the most frequently diagnosed AIDS-OIs were Pneumocystis pneumonia (39.1%) and Kaposi sarcoma (20.1%). Overall 5-year survival probability increased from 7% in 1981-1986 to 65% in 1997-2012. In 1997-2012, after adjustment for known confounders and using Pneumocystis pneumonia as the referent category, mortality rates after first AIDS-OI were highest for brain lymphoma (hazard ratio [HR], 5.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.98-8.87) and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (HR, 4.22; 95% CI, 2.49-7.17).
conclusionsSurvival after first AIDS-OI diagnosis has improved markedly since 1981. Some AIDS-OIs remain associated with substantially higher mortality risk than others, even after adjustment for known confounders. Better prevention and treatment strategies are still needed for AIDS-OIs occurring in the current HIV treatment era.
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