ReviewEmerging microbes & infections2013
Hepatitis B virus genetic variants: biological properties and clinical implications.
Review in Emerging microbes & infections, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Natural immune escape mutations in the envelope proteins of hepatitis B virus (HBV) regulate the assembly and infectivity of human hepatitis delta virus (HDV).Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Clinical significance and mutation analysis of HBsAg and Anti-HBs coexistence in Chronic Hepatitis B.Virus research · 2026Article
- Metagenomic analysis uncovers novel hepadnaviruses and nackednaviruses.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Whole genome analysis of hepatitis B virus before and during long-term therapy in chronic infected patients: Molecular characterization, impact on treatment and liver disease progression.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Lost Small Envelope Protein Expression from Naturally Occurring PreS1 Deletion Mutants of Hepatitis B Virus Is Often Accompanied by Increased HBx and Core Protein Expression as Well as Genome Replication.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Phylogeographic Genetic Diversity in the White Sucker Hepatitis B Virus across the Great Lakes Region and Alberta, Canada.Viruses · 2021Article
- Animal Models for the Study of Hepatitis B Virus Pathobiology and Immunity: Past, Present, and Future.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Can COVID-19 Cause Flare-Ups of Acute Hepatitis B? An Atypical Presentation of COVID-19 with Acute Hepatitis B.Case reports in infectious diseases · 2021Article
- A Combination of Human Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies against Hepatitis B Virus HBsAg with Distinct Epitopes Suppresses Escape Mutations.Cell host & microbe · 2020Article
- Coevolution analysis of amino-acids reveals diversified drug-resistance solutions in viral sequences: a case study of hepatitis B virus.Virus evolution · 2020Article
- Natural Products: Review for Their Effects of Anti-HBV.BioMed research international · 2020Review
- Hepatitis B Virus Molecular Epidemiology, Host-Virus Interaction, Coinfection, and Laboratory Diagnosis in the MENA Region: An Update.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Hepatitis B e antigen induces the expansion of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells to dampen T-cell function in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- A novel hepatitis B virus recombinant genotype D4/E identified in a South African population.Heliyon · 2019Article
- Hepatitis B virus mutation pattern rtL180M+A181C+M204V may contribute to entecavir resistance in clinical practice.Emerging microbes & infections · 2019Article
- Review
- Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B infection among blood donors in a secondary care hospital, Ghana (2014): a retrospective analysis.BMC research notes · 2017Article
- Sequence analysis and functional characterization of full-length hepatitis B virus genomes from Korean cirrhotic patients with or without liver cancer.Virus research · 2017Article
- Generation of Replication-Competent Hepatitis B Virus Genome from Blood Samples for Functional Characterization.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2017Article
- Novel Genetic Variants of Hepatitis B Virus in Fulminant Hepatitis.Journal of pathogens · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes a chronic infection in 350 million people worldwide and greatly increases the risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The majority of chronic HBV carriers live in Asia. HBV can be divided into eight genotypes with unique geographic distributions. Mutations accumulate during chronic infection or in response to external pressure. Because HBV is an RNA-DNA virus the emergence of drug resistance and vaccine escape mutants has become an important clinical and public health concern. Here, we provide an overview of the molecular biology of the HBV life cycle and an evaluation of the changing role of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) at different stages of infection. The impact of viral genotypes and mutations/deletions in the precore, core promoter, preS, and S gene on the establishment of chronic infection, development of fulminant hepatitis and liver cancer is discussed. Because HBV is prone to mutations, the biological properties of drug-resistant and vaccine escape mutants are also explored.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.