Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26038413›Full record

ReviewEmerging microbes & infections2012

Emerging virus diseases: can we ever expect the unexpected?

Colin R Howard, Nicola F Fletcher

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Emerging microbes & infections, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
94citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

94 citing papers in PubMed, 208 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Climate Change and the Rise of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases in Africa: A Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Bibliometric Analysis of Human Metapneumovirus Studies.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2023
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Spatial and temporal distribution of emerging airborne viral infectious diseases outbreaks on a global scale.Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften = Journal of public health · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Colin R HowardSchool of Immunity and Infection, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Nicola F FletcherSchool of Immunity and Infection, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
University of Birmingham · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Emerging virus diseases are a major threat to human and veterinary public health. With new examples occurring approximately one each year, the majority are viruses originating from an animal host. Of the many factors responsible, changes to local ecosystems that perturb the balance between pathogen and principal host species is one of the major drivers, together with increasing urbanization of mankind and changes in human behavior. Many emerging viruses have RNA genomes and as such are capable of rapid mutation and selection of new variants in the face of environmental changes in host numbers and available target species. This review summarizes recent work on aspects of virus emergence and the current understanding of the molecular and immunological basis whereby viruses may cross between species and become established in new ecological niches. Emergence is hard to predict, although mathematical modeling and spatial epidemiology have done much to improve the prediction of where emergence may occur. However, much needs to be done to ensure adequate surveillance is maintained of animal species known to present the greatest risk thus increasing general alertness among physicians, veterinarians and those responsible for formulating public health policy.

Indexed as

arenavirusesemerging infectionsfiloviruseshantavirusesreceptorsvirus replicationzoonoses

Identifiers

PMID26038413
PMCPMC3630908
OpenAlexW2027720645

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.