ArticleBMJ open2015
Trends in dietary cholesterol intake among Chinese adults: a longitudinal study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, 1991-2011.
Article in BMJ open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Eggs and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: An Update of Recent Evidence.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2023Review
- Dietary cholesterol and egg intake are associated with the risk of gestational diabetes: a prospective study from Southwest China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Cholesterol and Egg Intakes with Cardiometabolic and All-Cause Mortality among Chinese and Low-Income Black and White Americans.Nutrients · 2021Article
- The association of 14-year dietary cholesterol trajectories with the risk of cardio-metabolic diseases, all-cause mortality and serum lipids.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- Genetic susceptibility, dietary cholesterol intake, and plasma cholesterol levels in a Chinese population.Journal of lipid research · 2020Article
- The association between physical activity and body fat percentage with adjustment for body mass index among middle-aged adults: China health and nutrition survey in 2015.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Longitudinal and nonlinear relations of dietary and Serum cholesterol in midlife with cognitive decline: results from EMCOA study.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2019Article
- Diet quality, consumption of seafood and eggs are associated with sleep quality among Chinese urban adults: A cross-sectional study in eight cities of China.Food science & nutrition · 2019Article
- Association between nutrient patterns and serum lipids in Chinese adult women: A cross-sectional study.Nutrition & dietetics : the journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia · 2019Article
- Foods Contributing to Macronutrient Intake of Women Living in Puerto Rico Reflect Both Traditional Puerto Rican and Western-Type Diets.Nutrients · 2018Article
- Observational
- Trends in dietary fat and fatty acid intakes and related food sources among Chinese adults: a longitudinal study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1997-2011).Public health nutrition · 2017Article
- Article
- Longitudinal association of leisure time physical activity and sedentary behaviors with body weight among Chinese adults from China Health and Nutrition Survey 2004-2011.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2017Article
- Evaluation of dietary cholesterol intake in elderly Chinese: a longitudinal study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.BMJ open · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesDietary cholesterol is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. Changes in dietary patterns in China recently might have an impact on the trends of diet-related risk factors of chronic diseases. This study aims to monitor the changes in daily cholesterol intake and its food sources in Chinese adults.
designA longitudinal study using demographic and dietary data of adults younger than 60 years from eight waves (1991-2011) of the China Health and Nutrition Surveys was conducted. Mixed-effect models were used in this study.
settingThe data were derived from urban and rural communities in nine provinces (autonomous regions) in China.
participantsThere were 21,273 participants (10,091 males and 11,182 females) in this study. OUTCOMES: The major outcome is daily cholesterol intake amount, which was calculated by using the Chinese Food Composition Table, based on dietary data.
resultsThe mean daily cholesterol intake in Chinese adults increased from 165.8 mg/day in 1991 to 266.3 mg/day in 2011. Cholesterol consumed by participants in different age (18-39 and 40-59 years), sex and urbanisation groups steadily elevated over time (p<0.0001), as did the proportions of participants with greater than 300 mg/day cholesterol consumption. In each subgroup, cholesterol originating from most of the food groups showed increasing trends over time (p<0.0001), except for animal fat and organ meats. Eggs, pork, fish and shellfish in that order remained the top three sources in 1991, 2000 and 2011, whereas milks were a negligible contributor. Cholesterol from animal fat declined and was insignificant in 2011 in most of the subgroups, while cholesterol being of poultry origin increased and became considerable in 2011.
conclusionsAdults in China consumed increasingly high cholesterol and deviated from the recommended intake level over the past two decades. Adults need to pay more attention to intakes of eggs, pork, fish and shellfish.
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