Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26036349›Full record

SynthesisPediatric cardiology2015

A Systematic Review of Reference Values in Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing.

Samuel Blais, Jade Berbari, Francois-Pierre Counil, Frederic Dallaire

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Pediatric cardiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
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  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The Cardiovascular Care of the Pediatric Athlete.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Observational
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
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  16. Article
  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Samuel BlaisDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Jade BerbariDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Francois-Pierre CounilDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Frederic DallaireDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada. frederic.a.dallaire@usherbrooke.ca.
Université de Sherbrooke · CACentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is used for the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions in children and adolescents. Several authors have published reference values for pediatric CPET, but evaluation of their validity is lacking. The aim of this study was to review pediatric CPET references values published between 1980 and 2014. We specifically assessed the adequacy of the normalization methods used to adjust for body size. Articles that proposed references values were reviewed. We abstracted information on exercise protocols, CPET measurements and normalization methods. We then evaluated the studies' methodological quality and assessed them for potential biases. Thirty-four studies were included. We found important heterogeneity in the choice of exercise protocols and in the approach to adjustment for body size or other relevant confounding factors. Adjustment for body size was principally done using linear regression for age or weight. Assessment of potential biases (residual association, heteroscedasticity and departure from the normal distribution) was mentioned in only a minority of studies. Our study shows that contemporary pediatric reference values for CPET have been developed based on heterogeneous exercise protocols and variable normalization strategies. Furthermore, assessment of potential bias has been inconsistent and insufficiently described. High-quality reference values with adequate adjustment for confounding variables are needed in order to optimize CPET's specificity and sensitivity to detect abnormal cardiopulmonary response to exercise.

Indexed as

AdolescentBiasChildExercise TestHumansPediatricsReference ValuesExercise testingHealthy subjectsPediatricsReference values

Identifiers

PMID26036349
OpenAlexW640249730

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.