ArticleThe Gerontologist2016
Longitudinal and Reciprocal Relationships Between Depression and Disability in Older Women Caregivers and Noncaregivers.
Article in The Gerontologist, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prospective association of depression symptoms with exceptional longevity among older women.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Article
- The association between depressive symptoms and limitations in disability domains among US adults.Journal of mood and anxiety disorders · 2025Article
- Predictive features analysis and nomogram construction for predicting depression in elderly patients.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Bidirectional, longitudinal associations between depressive symptoms and IADL/ADL disability in older adults in China: a national cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Life Events, Caregiving, and Risk of Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.Arthritis care & research · 2023Observational
- Association between activities of daily living and depressive symptoms among older adults in China: evidence from the CHARLS.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- The Impact of Late-Life Disability Spectrum on Depressive Symptoms: A Fixed-Effects Analysis of Panel Data.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2021Article
- Diversity in the Factors Associated with ADL-Related Disability among Older People in Six Middle-Income Countries: A Cross-Country Comparison.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of the studyDepressive symptoms and disability each increase the risk of the other, yet few studies have examined reciprocal associations between these conditions in a single study, or over periods longer than 3 years. These associations may differ in older caregivers due to chronic stress, health characteristics, or factors related to caregiving. DESIGN AND
methodsStructural equation models were used to investigate relationships between depressive symptoms and disability over 3 interviews spanning 6 years among 956 older women (M = 81.5 years) from the Caregiver Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. Results were evaluated separately for 611 noncaregivers and 345 caregivers to a relative or friend.
resultsIn noncaregivers, more depressive symptoms significantly predicted greater disability, whereas greater disability predicted increased depressive symptoms at the next interview in age-adjusted models. In contrast, there was not a significant relationship between depression and disability in either direction for caregivers. Further adjustment for body mass index and medical condition variables did not change these relationships. IMPLICATIONS: Caregivers did not exhibit longitudinal or reciprocal relationships between depressive symptoms and disability observed in noncaregivers. It is possible that older women caregivers are buffered by better physical condition or social interactions related to caregiving activities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.