Trial reportPloS one2015
Adipocytokines, C-reactive protein, and cardiovascular disease: a population-based prospective study.
Trial report in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of exercise on abdominal obesity and inflammatory response in the older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Leptin concentration and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Comparison of CTI and its modified indices in predicting cardiovascular disease risk across different glycemic statuses: a nationwide prospective cohort study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Association Between Frailty and Leptin Levels in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Leptin Resistance and Cardiometabolic Disorders: Bridging Molecular Pathways, Genetic Variants, and Therapeutic Innovation.Current cardiology reviews · 2025Review
- Polygenic risk score in comparison with C-reactive protein for predicting incident coronary heart disease.Atherosclerosis · 2023Article
- Inflammation biomarkers are associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- The Role of Adipokines in Inflammatory Mechanisms of Obesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Leptin in Leanness and Obesity: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2021Review
- An Overview of the Role of Adipokines in Cardiometabolic Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Black rice with giant embryo ameliorates serum C-reactive protein in adults with metabolic syndrome.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2020Article
- Novel Invasive and Noninvasive Cardiac-Specific Biomarkers in Obesity and Cardiovascular Diseases.Metabolic syndrome and related disorders · 2020Review
- Visceral Adipose Tissue Accumulation and Residual Cardiovascular Risk.Current hypertension reports · 2018Review
- Longitudinal Increases in Adiposity Contribute to Worsening Adipokine Profile over Time in Mexican Americans.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2018Article
- Periodontal disease and its connection to systemic biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in young American Indian/Alaskan natives.Journal of periodontology · 2018Article
- Independent association of resting energy expenditure with blood pressure: confirmation in populations of the African diaspora.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2018Article
- Potential novel biomarkers of cardiovascular dysfunction and disease: cardiotrophin-1, adipokines and galectin-3.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2017Article
- Increased leptin/adiponectin ratio relates to low-normal thyroid function in metabolic syndrome.Lipids in health and disease · 2017Article
- Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is not an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events or overall mortality in the general population of the Busselton Health Study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBeing overweight or obese is associated with a greater risk of coronary heart disease and stroke compared with normal weight. The role of the specific adipose tissue-derived substances, called adipocytokines, in overweight- and obesity-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still unclear.
objectiveTo investigate the associations of three adipose tissue-derived substances: adiponectin, leptin, and interleukin-6 with incident CVD in a longitudinal population-based study, including extensive adjustments for traditional and metabolic risk factors closely associated with overweight and obesity. C-reactive protein (CRP) was used as a proxy for interleukin-6.
methodsProspective population-based study of 6.502 participants, 51.9% women, aged 30-60 years, free of CVD at baseline, with a mean follow-up time of 11.4 years, equivalent to 74,123 person-years of follow-up. As outcome, we defined a composite outcome comprising of the first event of fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease and fatal and nonfatal stroke.
resultsDuring the follow-up period, 453 composite CV outcomes occurred among participants with complete datasets. In models, including gender, age, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, treatment for hypertension, diabetes, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, estimated glomerular filtration rate, adiponectin, leptin, and CRP, neither adiponectin (hazard ratio [HR] with 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97 [0.87-1.08] per SD increase, P = 0.60) nor leptin (0.97 [0.85-1.12] per SD increase, P = 0.70) predicted the composite outcome, whereas CRP was significantly associated with the composite outcome (1.19 [1.07-1.35] per SD increase, P = 0.002). Furthermore, in mediation analysis, adjusted for age and sex, CRP decreased the BMI-associated CV risk by 43% (95%CI 29-72).
conclusionsIn this study, neither adiponectin nor leptin were independently associated with CVD, raising questions over their role in CVD. The finding that CRP was significantly associated with an increased risk of CVD and decreased the BMI-associated CVD risk substantially, could imply that interleukin-6-related pathways may play a role in mediating overweight- and obesity-related CVD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.