SynthesisPediatrics2015
Global and Regional Burden of Isoniazid-Resistant Tuberculosis.
Synthesis in Pediatrics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and safety of Levofloxacin containing regimen in the treatment of Isoniazid mono-resistant pulmonary Tuberculosis: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Guideline
- Executive Summary: Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Guideline
- Pediatric pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis: immunological and diagnostic perspectives.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Xpert MTB/XDR and Deeplex Myc-TB for the Rapid Detection of Drug Resistance inInternational journal of microbiology · 2026Article
- Multicentre controlled open randomised clinical trial to assess efficacy and safety of an anti-tuberculosis drug combination based on optimised-dose rifampicin, optimised-dose moxifloxacin and optimised-dose linezolid for TB: the RML-TB trial protocol.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Article
- A comparative study of antibiotic resistance patterns in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Case Report: Disseminated Tuberculosis After Kidney Transplantation.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Drug resistance profiles ofJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- Temporal trend of drug-resistant tuberculosis among Thai children during 2006-2021.IJID regions · 2022Article
- Article
- Characterization and Formulation of Isoniazid for High-Dose Dry Powder Inhalation.Pharmaceutics · 2019Article
- Isoniazid (INH) mono-resistance and tuberculosis (TB) treatment success: analysis of European surveillance data, 2002 to 2014.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2019Observational
- Isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis: a cause for concern?The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2017Review
- Global Burden of Childhood Tuberculosis.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2016Article
- Setting priorities for a research agenda to combat drug-resistant tuberculosis in children.Public health action · 2015Article
- Counting children with tuberculosis: why numbers matter.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIsoniazid has been the backbone of tuberculosis chemotherapy for 6 decades. Resistance to isoniazid threatens the efficacy of treatment of tuberculosis disease and infection. To inform policies around treatment of tuberculosis disease and infection in children, we sought to estimate both the proportion of child tuberculosis cases with isoniazid resistance and the number of incident isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis cases in children, by region.
methodsWe determined the relationship between rates of isoniazid resistance among child cases and among treatment-naive adult cases through a systematic literature review. We applied this relationship to regional isoniazid resistance estimates to estimate proportions of childhood tuberculosis cases with isoniazid resistance. We applied these proportions to childhood tuberculosis incidence estimates to estimate numbers of children with isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis.
resultsWe estimated 12.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.8% to 14.8%) of all children with tuberculosis had isoniazid-resistant disease, representing 120,872 (95% CI 96,628 to 149,059) incident cases of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis in children in 2010. The majority of these occurred in the Western Pacific and Southeast Asia regions; the European region had the highest proportion of child tuberculosis cases with isoniazid resistance, 26.1% (95% CI: 20.0% to 33.6%).
conclusionsThe burden of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis in children is substantial, and risk varies considerably by setting. The large number of child cases signals extensive ongoing transmission from adults with isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis. The risk of isoniazid resistance must be considered when evaluating treatment options for children with disease or latent infection to avoid inadequate treatment and consequent poor outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.