Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26033947›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2015

Risk of bladder cancer in patients with diabetes: a retrospective cohort study.

Maria E Goossens, Maurice P Zeegers, Marloes T Bazelier, Marie L De Bruin, Frank Buntinx, Frank de Vries

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Article
  5. Associations between Diabetes Mellitus and Selected Cancers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Maria E GoossensDepartment of General Practice, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7128-1354
Maurice P ZeegersDepartment of Complex Genetics, University of Maastricht, NUTRIM School of Nutrition, Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Marloes T BazelierDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Netherlands.
Marie L De BruinDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Netherlands.
Frank BuntinxDepartment of General Practice, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of General Practice, University of Maastricht, CAPHRI, School for Primary Care and Public Health, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Frank de VriesDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Netherlands Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands Research Institute CAPHRI, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Utrecht University · NLMaastricht University · NLKU Leuven · BE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the association between diabetes, and both urinary bladder cancer (UBC) risk and mortality.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) linked to the Office of National Statistics (ONS). Patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2, or using antidiabetic drugs (ADDs), were compared to matched non-diabetic controls. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risk and mortality of UBC. We adjusted for age, sex, smoking status and body mass index.

resultsThe cohort included 329,168 patients using ADD, and 307,315 controls with 1295 and 1071 patients, respectively, diagnosed as having UBC during follow-up. The adjusted HRs of UBC were 0.77 (95% CI 0.57 to 1.05) and 1.04 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.14) for type 1 and 2 diabetes, respectively. These results were similar if we restricted our analysis to an inception cohort. We noticed a small increased risk during the first year after diagnosis (HR=1.26 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.52)), which could be explained by detection bias. There was no influence of the severity of diabetes as measured by the glycated haemoglobin. Mortality of UBC was not increased for patients with either type 1 (HR=0.95 (95% CI 0.39 to 2.34)) or type 2 diabetes (HR=1.16 (95% CI 0.91 to 1.46)).

conclusionsNeither the risk of UBC nor the mortality from UBC was increased in patients with type 1 and patients with type 2 diabetes in the CPRD data.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsUnited KingdomUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsYoung AdultEPIDEMIOLOGYmortality

Identifiers

PMID26033947
PMCPMC4458630
OpenAlexW2114528238

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.