ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2015
Design and baseline findings of a large-scale rapid response to an HIV outbreak in people who inject drugs in Athens, Greece: the ARISTOTLE programme.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 43 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Feasibility of an Interventional Project to Reduce HIV Incidence Among People Who Inject Drugs in Haiphong, Viet Nam
Targeted Focus Groups Discussions (FGDs) and Cross-sectional Questionnaire to Address Questions Regarding Telemedicine Concept and Knowledge, and Social Media Usage Among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) in Greece
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV seroprevalence in five key populations in Europe: a systematic literature review, 2009 to 2019.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2021Pooled it
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- Impact of Opioid Substitution Therapy on Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Pooled it
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- Assessing spillover effects: Handling missing outcomes in network-based studies.Statistical methods in medical research · 2025Article
- Integrating Partner Services and Molecular Epidemiology Data to Enhance HIV Transmission Disruption in Rhode Island.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A novel, multi-component contingency management intervention in the context of a syndemic of drug-related harms in Glasgow, Scotland: First year of the 'WAND' initiative.Addictive behaviors reports · 2025Article
- Considerations for equitable distribution of digital healthcare for people who use drugs.BMC health services research · 2025Observational
- Generalized Treatment as Prevention Plus Focused Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Is the Key to Controlling HIV/AIDS.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
- HCV Cascade of Care in HIV/HCV Co-Infected Individuals: Missed Opportunities for Micro-Elimination.Viruses · 2024Article
- Impact of COVID-19 & Response Measures on HIV-HCV Prevention Services and Social Determinants in People Who Inject Drugs in 13 Sites with Recent HIV Outbreaks in Europe, North America and Israel.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Methods for Assessing Spillover in Network-Based Studies of HIV/AIDS Prevention among People Who Use Drugs.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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- Deep learning and social network analysis elucidate drivers of HIV transmission in a high-incidence cohort of people who inject drugs.Science advances · 2022Article
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- Univariable associations between a history of incarceration and HIV and HCV prevalence among people who inject drugs across 17 countries in Europe 2006 to 2020 - is the precautionary principle applicable?Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2021Article
- Sexual Mixing and HIV Transmission Potential Among Greek Men Who have Sex with Men: Results from SOPHOCLES.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Food insecurity among people who inject drugs in Athens, Greece: a study in the context of ARISTOTLE programme.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Mental Health and Perceived Access to Care among People Who Inject Drugs in Athens, Greece.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo (i) describe an intervention implemented in response to the HIV-1 outbreak among people who inject drugs (PWIDs) in Greece (ARISTOTLE programme), (ii) assess its success in identifying and testing this population and (iii) describe socio-demographic characteristics, risk behaviours and access to treatment/prevention, estimate HIV prevalence and identify risk factors, as assessed at the first participation of PWIDs.
designA 'seek, test, treat, retain' intervention employing five rounds of respondent-driven sampling.
settingAthens, Greece (2012-13).
participantsA total of 3320 individuals who had injected drugs in the past 12 months.
interventionARISTOTLE is an intervention that involves reaching out to high-risk, hard-to-reach PWIDs ('seek'), engaging them in HIV testing and providing information and materials to prevent HIV ('test') and initiating and maintaining anti-retroviral and opioid substitution treatment for those testing positive ('treat' and 'retain'). MEASUREMENTS: Blood samples were collected for HIV testing and personal interviews were conducted.
findingsARISTOTLE recruited 3320 PWIDs during the course of 13.5 months. More than half (54%) participated in multiple rounds, resulting in 7113 visits. HIV prevalence was 15.1%. At their first contact with the programme, 12.5% were on opioid substitution treatment programmes and the median number of free syringes they had received in the preceding month was 0. In the multivariable analysis, apart from injection-related variables, homelessness was a risk factor for HIV infection in male PWIDs [odds ratio (OR) yes versus no = 1.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.41, 2.52] while, in female PWIDS, the number of sexual partners (OR for > 5 versus one partner in the past year = 4.12, 95% CI = 1.93, 8.77) and history of imprisonment (OR yes versus no = 2.76, 95% CI = 1.43, 5.31) were associated with HIV.
conclusionsIn Athens, Greece, the ARISTOTLE intervention for identifying HIV-positive people among people who inject drugs (PWID) facilitated rapid identification of a hidden population experiencing an outbreak and provided HIV testing, counselling and linkage to care. According to ARISTOTLE data, the 2011 HIV outbreak in Athens resulted in 15% HIV infection among PWID. Risk factors for HIV among PWID included homelessness in men and history of imprisonment and number of sexual partners in women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.