ReviewImmunology2015
Natural killer T cells in multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Review in Immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Repopulation of T, B, and NK cells following alemtuzumab treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Trial
- Microglial 5-LOX-activating protein antagonism alleviates leukotriene-driven neuroinflammation.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Article
- SLAMF7 modulates B cells and adaptive immunity to regulate susceptibility to CNS autoimmunity.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- The Effect of Peripheral Immune Cell Counts on the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The role of NK and NKT cells in the pathogenesis and improvement of multiple sclerosis following disease-modifying therapies.Health science reports · 2022Review
- Ets1 Promotes the Differentiation of Post-Selected iNKT Cells through Regulation of the Expression of Vα14Jα18 T Cell Receptor and PLZF.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Transcriptome and Function of Novel Immunosuppressive Autoreactive Invariant Natural Killer T Cells That Are Absent in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Made to Measure: Patient-Tailored Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis Using Cell-Based Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The Role of NKT Cells in Glioblastoma.Cells · 2021Review
- Immune Regulatory Cell Bias Following Alemtuzumab Treatment in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Innate, innate-like and adaptive lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of MS and EAE.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2019Review
- NKT Cells in Neurological Diseases.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2019Review
- The Role of Invariant NKT in Autoimmune Liver Disease: Can Vitamin D Act as an Immunomodulator?Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2018Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells in Autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Multiple Sclerosis: Immunopathology and Treatment Update.Brain sciences · 2017Review
- Activation of Blood CD3Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- High Interferon-γ Uniquely in Vδ1 T Cells Correlates with Markers of Inflammation and Axonal Damage in Early Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- The Response of CD1d-Restricted Invariant NKT Cells to Microbial Pathogens and Their Products.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes demyelination of neurons in the central nervous system. Traditional therapies for MS have involved anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs with significant side effects that often only provide short-term relief. A more desirable outcome of immunotherapy would be to protect against disease before its clinical manifestation or to halt disease after its initiation. One attractive approach to accomplish this goal would be to restore tolerance by targeting immunoregulatory cell networks. Although much of the work in this area has focused on CD4(+) Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells, other studies have investigated natural killer T (NKT) cells, a subset of T cells that recognizes glycolipid antigens in the context of the CD1d glycoprotein. Studies with human MS patients have revealed alterations in the numbers and functions of NKT cells, which have been partially supported by studies with the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of MS. Additional studies have shown that activation of NKT cells with synthetic lipid antigens can, at least under certain experimental conditions, protect mice against the development of MS-like disease. Although mechanisms of this protection remain to be fully investigated, current evidence suggests that it involves interactions with other immunoregulatory cell types such as regulatory T cells and immunosuppressive myeloid cells. These studies have provided a strong foundation for the rational design of NKT-cell-based immunotherapies for MS that induce tolerance while sparing overall immune function. Nevertheless, additional pre-clinical and clinical studies will be required to bring this goal to fruition.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.