ArticlePloS one2015
Gestational and Early Infancy Exposure to Margarine Fortified with Vitamin D through a National Danish Programme and the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes: The D-Tect Study.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin supplementation and its effect on incident type 1 diabetes mellitus and islet autoimmunity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Impact of Dietary Factors during Pregnancy on the Development of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Literature Review.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Vitamin D Deficiency as a Possible Cause of Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents up to 15 Years Old: A Systematic Review.The review of diabetic studies : RDS · 2022Pooled it
- Intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of preclinical and clinical type 1 diabetes in children-a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Vitamin D and Diabetes: Exploring the Link, Prevention, and Management.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Review
- Assessing Health Consequences of Vitamin D Fortification Utilizing a Societal Experiment Design: Methodological Lessons Learned from the D-Tect Project.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Association of Maternal Dietary Components During Pregnancy and/or Lactation with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus.International journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Review
- Article
- Exposure to Vitamin D Fortification Policy in Prenatal Life and the Risk of Childhood Asthma: Results From the D-Tect Study.Nutrients · 2019Article
- In utero exposure to extra vitamin D from food fortification and the risk of subsequent development of gestational diabetes: the D-tect study.Nutrition journal · 2018Article
- Exposure to vitamin D from fortified margarine during fetal life and later risk of pre-eclampsia: the D-tect Study.Public health nutrition · 2018Article
- Rationale and Plan for Vitamin D Food Fortification: A Review and Guidance Paper.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Review
- A pilot interventional study to evaluate the impact of cholecalciferol treatment on HbA1c in type 1 diabetes (T1D).Endocrine connections · 2017Article
- Prenatal exposure to vitamin D from fortified margarine and risk of fractures in late childhood: period and cohort results from 222 000 subjects in the D-tect observational study.The British journal of nutrition · 2017Observational
- Neonatal vitamin D status is not associated with later risk of type 1 diabetes: results from two large Danish population-based studies.Diabetologia · 2016Article
- Vitamin D and the Promotion of Long-Term Metabolic Health from a Programming Perspective.Nutrition and metabolic insights · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The objective of the study was to assess whether gestational and early infancy exposure to low dose vitamin D from a mandatory margarine fortification programme in Denmark influenced the risk of developing type 1 diabetes (T1D) before age of 15 years. The study population included all individuals born in Denmark from 1983 to 1988 and consisted of 331,623 individuals. The 1st of June 1985, which was the date of issue of the new ministerial order cancelling mandatory fortification of margarine with vitamin D in Denmark, served as a reference point separating the studied population into various exposure groups. We further modelled birth cohort effects in children developing T1D as a linear spline, and compared the slopes between the birth cohorts with various prenatal and infancy exposures to vitamin D fortification. In total, 886 (0.26%) individuals developed T1D before the age of 15 years. The beta coefficients (95% CI), or slopes, for linear birth cohort effect in log Hazard Ratio (HR) per one month of birth in individuals born during the periods of gestational exposure, wash-out, and non-exposure were: 0.010 (-0.002/0.021), -0.010 (-0.035/0.018), and 0.008 (- 0.017/0.032), respectively. The beta coefficients (95% CI) for individuals born during the periods of first postnatal year exposure, wash-out, and non-exposure were: 0.007 (-0.016/0.030), 0.006 (-0.004/0.016), and 0.007 (-0.002/0.016), respectively. In conclusion, we found no evidence to support that exposure to low dose vitamin D from the Danish mandatory margarine fortification regimen during gestational and first postnatal year of life changed the risk of developing T1D before the age of 15 years.
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