ReviewFrontiers in immunology2015
Stress induces endotoxemia and low-grade inflammation by increasing barrier permeability.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 169 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
169 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 306 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut dysbiosis in patients with chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Gut microbiome changes due to sleep disruption in older and younger individuals: a case for sarcopenia?Sleep · 2022Pooled it
- Approach to stress endocrine response: somatization in the context of gastroenterological symptoms: a systematic review.African health sciences · 2019Pooled it
- Probiotics Supplementation on Cardiac Remodeling Following Myocardial Infarction: a Single-Center Double-Blind Clinical Study.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2021Trial
- Stratifying cellular metabolism during weight loss: an interplay of metabolism, metabolic flexibility and inflammation.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Low-Grade Endotoxemia Is Associated with NOX2-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction in Takotsubo Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Dual-function oral nanotherapeutic mitigates sepsis-like multi-organ failure by targeting inflammatory and fibrotic pathways.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Probiotic Bacteria in Stimulating Human Physiological Responses: Metabolic Function and Overall Health.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The gut-bone-inflammation axis: intestinal barrier disruption as a central driver of osteoporosis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Review
- Regulator of G protein signaling 10: a critical regulator of chronic systemic inflammation in parkinson's disease.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Chronic stress drives oligoasthenozoospermia via gut microbiota-vitamin-Sting1/Slc9c2 axis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Multi-omics analysis reveals circadian disruption of rumen microbiota and serum metabolites in Tibetan sheep under transport stress.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- GLP-1 and Parkinson's Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Biology, Mechanisms and Efficacy.Cells · 2026Review
- Processed Diets and Food Additives Shape the Gut Microbiota and Chronic Disease Risk Across the Life Course-A Three-Layer Ecosystem Disruption Model (TLED) Model.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Short-Chain Fatty Acids Regulate Poultry Feed Intake via the Hypothalamus: Receptor-Mediated and Epigenetic Mechanisms.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of tryptophan metabolism in gut-brain signaling transduction: a narrative review.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Gut-Kidney Axis: Unraveling the Role of the Microbiome in Chronic Kidney Disease.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The gut-brain axis and anxiety: investigating associations with diet, vigorous activity, and prior adversity.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Clinical efficacy and putative analgesic mechanism of heat-sensitive moxibustion for chronic nonspecific low back pain: a single-arm before-after study based on the brain-gut-immune axis.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2026Article
- The role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemic nephropathy.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
109 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of work absence, disability, and mortality worldwide. Most of these diseases are associated with low-grade inflammation. Here, we hypothesize that stresses (defined as homeostatic disturbances) can induce low-grade inflammation by increasing the availability of water, sodium, and energy-rich substances to meet the increased metabolic demand induced by the stressor. One way of triggering low-grade inflammation is by increasing intestinal barrier permeability through activation of various components of the stress system. Although beneficial to meet the demands necessary during stress, increased intestinal barrier permeability also raises the possibility of the translocation of bacteria and their toxins across the intestinal lumen into the blood circulation. In combination with modern life-style factors, the increase in bacteria/bacterial toxin translocation arising from a more permeable intestinal wall causes a low-grade inflammatory state. We support this hypothesis with numerous studies finding associations with NCDs and markers of endotoxemia, suggesting that this process plays a pivotal and perhaps even a causal role in the development of low-grade inflammation and its related diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.