ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2015
Maximizing efficiency of rumen microbial protein production.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 158 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbiome Responses of Beef Steers to Rotational Grazing of Toxic Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Under Fall Conditions.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Amino acid nutrition of dairy cows: invited review.Animal bioscience · 2026Article
- Free and Protected Protease in the Diet of Lactating Jersey Cows: Effects on Performance, Milk Quality, Metabolism, Nutrient Digestibility, Microbiota, and Ruminal Environment.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Isotopic HBMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Balancing High Yield and Metabolic Health in Dairy Ruminants: The Central Hub Role of the Rumen Microbiota.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Effects of dietary allicin supplementation on nutrient digestion and gastrointestinal health of Guizhou black goats.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026Article
- Effects of Cocamidopropyl Betaine on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Enzyme Spatial Distribution, and In Vivo Digestibility and Growth Performance of Growing Yaks.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Rumenomics: evaluation of rumen metabolites from healthy sheep identifies differentially produced metabolites across sex, age, and weight.Animal microbiome · 2026Article
- Evaluation ofVeterinary world · 2026Article
- D-serine supplementation is associated with mucosal-prioritized rumen development and propionate-enriched fermentation with selective microbial shifts in pre-weaning Hu lambs.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Improving the Recycling of Sugar Beet Top-Corncob Waste Through Ensiling withMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Understanding the differences in rumen bacteria and their impact on dairy cows' production performance: A review.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2025Review
- Dietary Application of Grape (Vitis Vinifera L.) Pomace for Fattening Lambs: Implications on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation, and Meat Fatty Acid Composition.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Exploring the impact of forage-to-concentrate ratios on the ruminal bacteriome in vitro focusing on ciliate-associated bacteria.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Fat-rich diet promotes microbiome-dependent ATP synthesis in sheep model.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Article
- Inclusion of Fermented Cassava Top and Root with Inoculation in Total Mixed Ration Silage Diets: Ensilage Quality and Nutrient Digestibility of Backgrounding Crossbred Bulls.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Investigating the use of Chenopodium quinoa to improve rumen biofermentability and reduction of methane and carbon dioxide production.Veterinary and animal science · 2025Article
- Impact of Feed Composition on Rumen Microbial Dynamics and Phenotypic Traits in Beef Cattle.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Effects of novel organic sources of cobalt on ruminal fermentation, nutrient degradation and vitamin BTranslational animal science · 2025Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rumen microbes produce cellular protein inefficiently partly because they do not direct all ATP toward growth. They direct some ATP toward maintenance functions, as long-recognized, but they also direct ATP toward reserve carbohydrate synthesis and energy spilling (futile cycles that dissipate heat). Rumen microbes expend ATP by vacillating between (1) accumulation of reserve carbohydrate after feeding (during carbohydrate excess) and (2) mobilization of that carbohydrate thereafter (during carbohydrate limitation). Protozoa account for most accumulation of reserve carbohydrate, and in competition experiments, protozoa accumulated nearly 35-fold more reserve carbohydrate than bacteria. Some pure cultures of bacteria spill energy, but only recently have mixed rumen communities been recognized as capable of the same. When these communities were dosed glucose in vitro, energy spilling could account for nearly 40% of heat production. We suspect that cycling of glycogen (a major reserve carbohydrate) is a major mechanism of spilling; such cycling has already been observed in single-species cultures of protozoa and bacteria. Interconversions of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) may also expend ATP and depress efficiency of microbial protein production. These interconversions may involve extensive cycling of intermediates, such as cycling of acetate during butyrate production in certain butyrivibrios. We speculate this cycling may expend ATP directly or indirectly. By further quantifying the impact of reserve carbohydrate accumulation, energy spilling, and SCFA interconversions on growth efficiency, we can improve prediction of microbial protein production and guide efforts to improve efficiency of microbial protein production in the rumen.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.