ReviewFrontiers in cellular neuroscience2015
The contribution of interindividual factors to variability of response in transcranial direct current stimulation studies.
Review in Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 208 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
208 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 472 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of transcranial electrical stimulation on face identification and related perceptual processes: a systematic review.Psychological research · 2026Pooled it
- The different stimulation durations of transcranial direct current stimulation for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Emerging trends and research hotspots of non-invasive brain stimulation for stroke: a bibliometric and visualization study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Towards optimized methodological parameters for maximizing the behavioral effects of transcranial direct current stimulation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Does Cathodal vs. Sham Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over Contralesional Motor Cortex Enhance Upper Limb Motor Recovery Post-stroke? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Pooled it
- The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on upper limb motor performance in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.Journal of neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Cerebral Cortical Activity Following Non-invasive Cerebellar Stimulation-a Systematic Review of Combined TMS and EEG Studies.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2020Pooled it
- The Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Balance Control in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2020Pooled it
- Baseline cognition and stimulation site shape the effects of tdcs on verbal fluency in older and younger adults.GeroScience · 2026Trial
- Resting-state hemodynamic changes and effects on upper limb function after multi-channel transcranial direct current stimulation to the ipsilesional primary motor cortex and anterior intraparietal sulcus in stroke patients: an fNIRS pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- Priming the primary motor cortex with transcranial direct current stimulation: Effect on learning the golf putt.PloS one · 2025Trial
- Multisession tDCS combined with intrastimulation training improves emotion recognition in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024Trial
- Online stimulation of the prefrontal cortex during practice increases motor variability and modulates later cognitive transfer: a randomized, double-blinded and sham-controlled tDCS study.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Electric field simulation and appropriate electrode positioning for optimized transcranial direct current stimulation of stroke patients: an in Silico model.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Effects of anodal tDCS on resting state eeg power and motor function in acute stroke: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Trial
- Dose-response in modulating brain function with transcranial direct current stimulation: From local to network levels.PLoS computational biology · 2023Trial
- Acute effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on peak torque and 5000 m running performance: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Breakdown of intention-based outcome evaluation after transient right temporoparietal junction deactivation.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Trial
- The effects of concurrent bilateral anodal tDCS of primary motor cortex and cerebellum on corticospinal excitability: a randomized, double-blind sham-controlled study.Brain structure & function · 2022Trial
148 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
There has been an explosion of research using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for investigating and modulating human cognitive and motor function in healthy populations. It has also been used in many studies seeking to improve deficits in disease populations. With the slew of studies reporting "promising results" for everything from motor recovery after stroke to boosting memory function, one could be easily seduced by the idea of tDCS being the next panacea for all neurological ills. However, huge variability exists in the reported effects of tDCS, with great variability in the effect sizes and even contradictory results reported. In this review, we consider the interindividual factors that may contribute to this variability. In particular, we discuss the importance of baseline neuronal state and features, anatomy, age and the inherent variability in the injured brain. We additionally consider how interindividual variability affects the results of motor-evoked potential (MEP) testing with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which, in turn, can lead to apparent variability in response to tDCS in motor studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.