ReviewJournal of maxillofacial and oral surgery2015
Diagnostic modalities for squamous cell carcinoma: an extensive review of literature-considering toluidine blue as a useful adjunct.
Review in Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The influence of toluidine blue staining on decision-making for the selection of biopsy sites in oral disorders.European oral research · 2025Article
- The Diagnostic Potential of Non-Invasive Tools for Oral Cancer and Precancer: A Systematic Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Recent advances in head and neck surgical oncology.Journal of surgical oncology · 2024Review
- Current advances in noninvasive methods for the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a review.European journal of medical research · 2023Review
- Expression of miR-31 in saliva-liquid biopsy in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2021Article
- Molecular and Immunohistochemical Cognizance of HPV16 in Oral Leukoplakia, Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Head and neck pathology · 2021Article
- Article
- Non-Invasive Early Detection of Oral Cancers Using Fluorescence Visualization with Optical Instruments.Cancers · 2020Article
- Early Glottic Cancer Treated by Transoral Laser Surgery Using Toluidine Blue for the Definition of the Surgical Margins: A Pilot Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Article
- Inter-and intra-observer agreement on the judgment of toluidine blue staining for screening of oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer.Clinical oral investigations · 2019Article
- An Overview on Current Non-invasive Diagnostic Devices in Oral Oncology.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Review
- MicroRNA-542-3p inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma progression by inhibiting ILK/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Will the mininvasive approach challenge the old paradigms in oral cancer surgery?European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2017Review
- Validity of Toluidine Blue test as a diagnostic tool for high risk oral potentially malignant disorders- a multicentre study in Sri Lanka.Journal of oral biology and craniofacial researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionOral Squamous Cell Carcinomas have been considered as the most prevalent malignancies in the head and neck region and are frequently undiagnosed until symptomatic with an advanced stage of disease. So there is an urgent need to device methods for the detection of oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer at an early stage in order to improve the survival rate for patients. A number of tests have been done for the detection of oral cancer which include oral brush biopsy, the Vizilite, oral autofluorescence including chemiluscence, photodynamic detection, toluidine blue staining, methylene blue staining, incisional biopsy and many more. MATERIAL: The article reviews various diagnostic modalities available at present for detection of squamous cell carcinomas and oral epithelial dysplasias based on advanced PUBMED search of the English language literature from the year 1972 to present in order to help us select the most suitable among them fulfilling the desired criteria of being non-invasive, highly specific and sensitive, economically viable, having a scope to be used for mass screening, easy to process, having low inter examiner variability and possibly not requiring high expertise to conduct and interpret the results.
conclusionAfter reviewing various diagnostic modalities, we conclude that toluidine blue staining emerges as a clear winner among all these and it can act as a valuable adjunct to incisional biopsy in detection of oral cancer and may not substitute it except in certain circumstances when its results are carefully correlated with the patient history and clinical characteristics of the mucosal disorder, considering the fact that incisional biopsy has been reported to cause dissemination of cancer cells in the circulation there by increasing the possibility of metastasis. We must emphasize that toludine blue is a screening modality and not a diagnostic procedure like biopsy and hence cannot replace a confirmatory biopsy as a whole.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.