ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2015
Estimated age and gender profile of individuals missed by a home-based HIV testing and counselling campaign in a Botswana community.
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence for community-based HIV testing on men's engagement in the HIV care cascade.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2022Pooled it
- Men missing from the HIV care continuum in sub-Saharan Africa: a meta-analysis and meta-synthesis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Traditional healer-delivered point-of-care HIV testing versus referral to clinical facilities for adults of unknown serostatus in rural Uganda: a mixed-methods, cluster-randomised trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2021Trial
- Evidence from HIV sequencing for blood-borne transmission in Africa.Journal of public health in Africa · 2025Review
- Feasibility and Acceptability of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Self-Testing for Men of Middle-to-Upper Socioeconomic Status in Botswana: A Pilot Study at 4 Worksites in the Financial Sector.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Socio-economic and demographic factors associated with never having tested for HIV among sexually active men across the four administrative regions of Uganda.BMC public health · 2021Article
- HIV self-testing may overcome stigma and other barriers to HIV testing among higher-socioeconomic status men in Botswana: A qualitative study.African journal of AIDS research : AJAR · 2021Article
- Outcomes from a multimodal, at-scale community-based HIV counselling and testing programme in twelve high HIV burden districts in South Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Article
- What gaps remain in the HIV cascade of care? Results of a population-based survey in Nsanje District, Malawi.PloS one · 2021Article
- Article
- The use of home-based HIV testing and counseling in low-and-middle income countries: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Article
- What Role Do Masculine Norms Play in Men's HIV Testing in Sub-Saharan Africa?: A Scoping Review.AIDS and behavior · 2018Article
- High HIV-1 RNA Among Newly Diagnosed People in Botswana.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2018Article
- HIV-1 full-genome phylogenetics of generalized epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa: impact of missing nucleotide characters in next-generation sequences.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2017Article
- Twelve-year mortality in adults initiating antiretroviral therapy in South Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Article
- Community-based strategies to strengthen men's engagement in the HIV care cascade in sub-Saharan Africa.PLoS medicine · 2017Article
- Cultural Repertoires and Situated Selections as an Alternative Framework to Hegemonic Masculinities: Findings From Eswatini.American journal of men's healthArticle
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13 authors.
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Abstract
introductionIt would be useful to understand which populations are not reached by home-based HIV-1 testing and counselling (HTC) to improve strategies aimed at linking these individuals to care and reducing rates of onward HIV transmission.
methodsWe present the results of a baseline home-based HTC (HBHTC) campaign aimed at counselling and testing residents aged 16 to 64 for HIV in the north-eastern sector of Mochudi, a community in Botswana with about 44,000 inhabitants. Collected data were compared with population references for Botswana, the United Nations (UN) estimates based on the National Census data and the Botswana AIDS Impact Survey IV (BAIS-IV). Analyzed data and references were stratified by age and gender.
resultsA total of 6238 age-eligible residents were tested for HIV-1; 1247 (20.0%; 95% CI 19.0 to 21.0%) were found to be HIV positive (23.7% of women vs. 13.4% of men). HIV-1 prevalence peaked at 44% in 35- to 39-year-old women and 32% in 40- to 44-year-old men. A lower HIV prevalence rate, 10.9% (95% CI 9.5 to 12.5%), was found among individuals tested for the first time. A significant gender gap was evident in all analyzed subsets. The existing HIV transmission network was analyzed by combining phylogenetic mapping and household structure. Between 62.4 and 71.8% of all HIV-positive individuals had detectable virus. When compared with the UN and BAIS-IV estimates, the proportion of men missed by the testing campaign (48.5%; 95% CI 47.0 to 50.0%) was significantly higher than the proportion of missed women (14.2%; 95% CI 13.2 to 15.3%; p<0.0001). The estimated proportion of missed men peaked at about 60% in the age group 30 to 39 years old. The proportions of missed women were substantially smaller, at approximately 28% within the age groups 30 to 34 and 45 to 49 years old.
conclusionsThe HBHTC campaign seems to be an efficient tool for reaching individuals who have never been tested previously in southern African communities. However, about half of men from 16 to 64 years old were not reached by the HBHTC, including about 60% of men between 30 and 40 years old. Alternative HTC strategies should be developed to bring these men to care, which will contribute to reduction of HIV incidence in communities.
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