ArticleHeart rhythm2015
Hydroxychloroquine reduces heart rate by modulating the hyperpolarization-activated current If: Novel electrophysiological insights and therapeutic potential.
Article in Heart rhythm, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02874287 (Hydroxychloroquine Assessment of Management Study in Coronary Artery Disease After Angiography.), which is not on this map. Cited by 84 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Hydroxychloroquine Assessment of Management Study in Coronary Artery Disease After Angiography.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- The cardiovascular effects of amodiaquine and structurally related antimalarials: An individual patient data meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Considerations for drug interactions on QTc interval in exploratory COVID-19 treatment.Heart rhythm · 2020Guideline
- Considerations for Drug Interactions on QTc Interval in Exploratory COVID-19 Treatment.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2020Guideline
- Efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine as add-on therapy in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes patients who were using two oral antidiabetic drugs.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Trial
- Clinical and experimental insights into hydroxychloroquine-associated electrical abnormalities and cardiomyopathy.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Article
- Hydroxychloroquine-Induced Bradycardia in a Male Patient With Sarcoidosis: A Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Association between hydroxychloroquine use and risk of diabetes mellitus in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis: a UK Biobank-based study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- HPC Framework for Performing in Silico Trials Using a 3D Virtual Human Cardiac Population as Means to Assess Drug-Induced Arrhythmic Risk.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Dissimilar effects of stereoisomers and racemic hydroxychloroquine on CaPhysiological reports · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular concentration-effect relationships of amodiaquine and its metabolite desethylamodiaquine: Clinical and preclinical studies.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Article
- cAMP-PKA signaling modulates the automaticity of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.The Journal of general physiology · 2023Article
- Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin alter the contractility of living porcine heart slices.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Advances in the design, generation, and application of tissue-engineered myocardial equivalents.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Hydroxychloroquine Mitigates Dilated Cardiomyopathy Phenotype in Transgenic D94A Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Review of Hydroxychloroquine Cardiotoxicity: Lessons From the COVID-19 Pandemic.Current heart failure reports · 2022Review
- Pharmacometric and Electrocardiographic Evaluation of Chloroquine and Azithromycin in Healthy Volunteers.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2022Article
- Robust, Automated Analysis of Electrophysiology in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Micro-Heart Muscle for Drug Toxicity.Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2022Article
- Overview of Hydroxychloroquine and Remdesivir on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).Journal of heterocyclic chemistry · 2022Review
- ESC guidance for the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: part 2-care pathways, treatment, and follow-up.Cardiovascular research · 2022Review
- Hydroxychloroquine induces endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxation of rat aorta.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2022Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBradycardic agents are of interest for the treatment of ischemic heart disease and heart failure, as heart rate is an important determinant of myocardial oxygen consumption.
objectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the propensity of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) to cause bradycardia.
methodsWe assessed the effects of HCQ on (1) cardiac beating rate in vitro (mice); (2) the "funny" current (If) in isolated guinea pig sinoatrial node (SAN) myocytes (1, 3, 10 µM); (3) heart rate and blood pressure in vivo by acute bolus injection (rat, dose range 1-30 mg/kg), (4) blood pressure and ventricular function during feeding (mouse, 100 mg/kg/d for 2 wk, tail cuff plethysmography, anesthetized echocardiography).
resultsIn mouse atria, spontaneous beating rate was significantly (P < .05) reduced (by 9% ± 3% and 15% ± 2% at 3 and 10 µM HCQ, n = 7). In guinea pig isolated SAN cells, HCQ conferred a significant reduction in spontaneous action potential firing rate (17% ± 6%, 1 μM dose) and a dose-dependent reduction in If (13% ± 3% at 1 µM; 19% ± 2% at 3 µM). Effects were also observed on L-type calcium ion current (ICaL) (12% ± 4% reduction) and rapid delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr) (35% ± 4%) at 3 µM. Intravenous HCQ decreased heart rate in anesthetized rats (14.3% ± 1.1% at 15mg/kg; n = 6) without significantly reducing mean arterial blood pressure. In vivo feeding studies in mice showed no significant change in systolic blood pressure nor left ventricular function.
conclusionsWe have shown that HCQ acts as a bradycardic agent in SAN cells, in atrial preparations, and in vivo. HCQ slows the rate of spontaneous action potential firing in the SAN through multichannel inhibition, including that of If.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.