ArticlePLoS pathogens2015
Admixture in Humans of Two Divergent Plasmodium knowlesi Populations Associated with Different Macaque Host Species.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of asymptomatic Plasmodium knowlesi infection: an emerging challenge involving an emerging infectious disease.Malaria journal · 2022Pooled it
- Is there evidence of sustained human-mosquito-human transmission of the zoonotic malaria Plasmodium knowlesi? A systematic literature review.Malaria journal · 2022Pooled it
- Genomic epidemiology of Plasmodium knowlesi reveals putative genetic drivers of adaptation in Malaysia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Characterizing the genetic diversity and population structure of Plasmodium knowlesi in Aceh Province, Indonesia.PloS one · 2025Article
- An optimised YOLOv4 deep learning model for efficient malarial cell detection in thin blood smear images.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- The prevalence of simian malaria in wild long-tailed macaques throughout Peninsular Malaysia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- No evidence of sustained nonzoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi transmission in Malaysia from modelling malaria case data.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Population genetic analysis of Plasmodium knowlesi reveals differential selection and exchange events between Borneo and Peninsular sub-populations.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Spatio-temporal distribution and hotspots of Plasmodium knowlesi infections in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Primate malaria: An emerging challenge of zoonotic malaria in Indonesia.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022Review
- Plasmodium knowlesi: the game changer for malaria eradication.Malaria journal · 2022Review
- Evolutionary history of orangutan plasmodia revealed by phylogenetic analysis of complete mtDNA genomes and new biogeographical divergence dating calibration models.American journal of primatology · 2022Article
- Review
- Clinical recovery of Macaca fascicularis infected with Plasmodium knowlesi.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Genetic population of Plasmodium knowlesi during pre-malaria elimination in Thailand.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- A comparison of the clinical, laboratory and epidemiological features of two divergent subpopulations of Plasmodium knowlesi.Scientific reports · 2021Observational
- Malaria in the 'Omics Era'.Genes · 2021Review
- Article
- Identification, Mapping, and Genetic Diversity of Novel Conserved Cross-Species Epitopes of RhopH2 inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Plasmodium knowlesi detection methods for human infections-Diagnosis and surveillance.Advances in parasitology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human malaria parasite species were originally acquired from other primate hosts and subsequently became endemic, then spread throughout large parts of the world. A major zoonosis is now occurring with Plasmodium knowlesi from macaques in Southeast Asia, with a recent acceleration in numbers of reported cases particularly in Malaysia. To investigate the parasite population genetics, we developed sensitive and species-specific microsatellite genotyping protocols and applied these to analysis of samples from 10 sites covering a range of >1,600 km within which most cases have occurred. Genotypic analyses of 599 P. knowlesi infections (552 in humans and 47 in wild macaques) at 10 highly polymorphic loci provide radical new insights on the emergence. Parasites from sympatric long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) and pig-tailed macaques (M. nemestrina) were very highly differentiated (FST = 0.22, and K-means clustering confirmed two host-associated subpopulations). Approximately two thirds of human P. knowlesi infections were of the long-tailed macaque type (Cluster 1), and one third were of the pig-tailed-macaque type (Cluster 2), with relative proportions varying across the different sites. Among the samples from humans, there was significant indication of genetic isolation by geographical distance overall and within Cluster 1 alone. Across the different sites, the level of multi-locus linkage disequilibrium correlated with the degree of local admixture of the two different clusters. The widespread occurrence of both types of P. knowlesi in humans enhances the potential for parasite adaptation in this zoonotic system.
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