ArticlePloS one2015
Precipitation and primary health care visits for gastrointestinal illness in Gothenburg, Sweden.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Floods and diarrheal morbidity: Evidence on the relationship, effect modifiers, and attributable risk from Sichuan Province, China.Journal of global health · 2022Pooled it
- A Review of Combined Sewer Overflows and Gastrointestinal Illness in a Changing Climate.Current epidemiology reports · 2025Article
- Incorporating Incubation Period Distributions to Precisely Estimate the Association Between Rainfall and Legionella Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Hurricane flooding and acute gastrointestinal illness in North Carolina.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Emergency Department Visits for Acute Gastrointestinal Illness After a Major Water Pipe Break in 2010.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2019Article
- Association between Precipitation and Diarrheal Disease in Mozambique.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Effect of drinking water source on associations between gastrointestinal illness and heavy rainfall in New Jersey.PloS one · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe river Göta Älv is a source of freshwater for the City of Gothenburg, Sweden, and we recently identified a clear influence of upstream precipitation on concentrations of indicator bacteria in the river water, as well as an association with the daily number of phone calls to the nurse advice line related to acute gastrointestinal illnesses (AGI calls). This study aimed to examine visits to primary health-care centers owing to similar symptoms (AGI visits) in the same area, to explore associations with precipitation, and to compare variability in AGI visits and AGI calls.
methodsWe obtained data covering six years (2007-2012) of daily AGI visits and studied their association with prior precipitation (0-28 days) using a distributed lag nonlinear Poisson regression model, adjusting for seasonal patterns and covariates. In addition, we studied the effects of prolonged wet and dry weather on AGI visits. We analyzed lagged short-term relations between AGI visits and AGI calls, and we studied differences in their seasonal patterns using a binomial regression model.
resultsThe study period saw a total of 17,030 AGI visits, and the number of daily visits decreased on days when precipitation occurred. However, prolonged wet weather was associated with an elevated number of AGI visits. Differences in seasonality patterns were observed between AGI visits and AGI calls, as visits were relatively less frequent during winter and relatively more frequent in August, and only weak short-term relations were found.
conclusionAGI visits and AGI calls seems to partly reflect different types of AGI illnesses, and the patients' choice of medical contact (in-person visits versus phone calls) appears to depend on current weather conditions. An association between prolonged wet weather and increased AGI visits supports the hypothesis that the drinking water is related to an increased risk of AGI illnesses.
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