Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26018646›Full record

ReviewEuropean journal of immunology2015

Inhibitory receptors as targets for cancer immunotherapy.

Meghan E Turnis, Lawrence P Andrews, Dario A A Vignali

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in European journal of immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
91citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

91 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 162 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. From Tregs to tissue remodelling: FOXP3 and IL-35 in the inflammatory landscape of nasal polyps.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Emerging new immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid tumor immunotherapy.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025
    Review
  12. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Immune Cytolytic Activity and Strategies for Therapeutic Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review

31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Meghan E TurnisDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
Lawrence P AndrewsDepartment of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Dario A A VignaliDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
University of Pittsburgh · USSt. Jude Children's Research Hospital · US

Funding

Synergies among inhibitory receptors in tolerance, cancer & antiviral immunityP01AI108545 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Dario AA Vignali · 2015 to 2026
$30.8M
Multimolecular Interactions During TCR RecognitionR01AI039480 · NIAID · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI VIGNALI, DARIO AA · 2001 to 2011
$3.6M
A Regulatory Triad: IL35, Tregs and iTr35R01AI091977 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI VIGNALI, DARIO AA · 2011 to 2015
$2.0M
Interleukin-35 and the tumor microenvironmentR01CA203689 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI VIGNALI, DARIO AA · 2016 to 2020
$1.9M
MULTIMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS DURING TCR RECOGNITIONR29AI039480 · NIAID · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI VIGNALI, DARIO AA · 1996 to 2000
$108k
Investigating the Role of IL35 in Anti-Tumor ImmunityF32CA168294 · NCI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI TURNIS, MEGHAN E · 2013 to 2014
$74k
NCI NIH HHS F32 CA168294NCI NIH HHS R01 CA203689NIAID NIH HHS AI039480NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI108545NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI039480NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI091977NIAID NIH HHS R29 AI039480
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Inhibitory receptors expressed on T cells control immune responses while limiting autoimmunity. However, tumors can hijack these "checkpoints" for protection from immune attack. Tumor-specific T cells that exhibit an exhausted, unresponsive phenotype express high levels of inhibitory receptors including CTLA4, PD1, and LAG3, among others. Intratumoral regulatory T cells promote immunosuppression and also express multiple inhibitory receptors. Overcoming this inhibitory receptor-mediated immune tolerance has thus been a major focus of recent cancer immunotherapeutic developments. Here, we review how boosting the host's immune system by blocking inhibitory receptor signaling with antagonistic mAbs restores the capacity of T cells to drive durable antitumor immune responses. Clinical trials targeting the CTLA4 and PD1 pathways have shown durable effects in multiple tumor types. Many combinatorial therapies are currently being investigated with encouraging results that highlight enhanced antitumor immunogenicity and improved patient survival. Finally, we will discuss the ongoing identification and dissection of novel T-cell inhibitory receptor pathways, which could lead to the development of new combinatorial therapeutic approaches.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntigens, CDCTLA-4 AntigenHumansImmunotherapyLymphocyte Activation Gene 3 ProteinNeoplasmsProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryTumor EscapeAntigens, CDCTLA-4 AntigenLag3 protein, humanLymphocyte Activation Gene 3 ProteinProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorCancer immunotherapyCTLA4Inhibitory receptorsLAG3PD1

Identifiers

PMID26018646
PMCPMC4549156
OpenAlexW2149827944

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.