ArticleInfection and immunity2015
Transcriptome reprogramming by plasmid-encoded transcriptional regulators is required for host niche adaption of a macrophage pathogen.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urinary tract colonization is enhanced by a plasmid that regulates uropathogenic Acinetobacter baumannii chromosomal genes.Nature communications · 2019Pooled it
- Multi-host distribution of Rhodococcus equi (Prescottella equi) strains and their phylogenomic clustering.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Phenotypical and molecular characterization of Rhodococcus equi isolated from foals in the Agreste region of Pernambuco - Brazil.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Protective immune response against Rhodococcus equi: An innate immunity-focused review.Equine veterinary journal · 2025Review
- Article
- A plasmid-chromosome crosstalk in multidrug resistant enterobacteria.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Different Roles of Dioxin-Catabolic Plasmids in Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Metabolism ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Impact of surface receptors TLR2, CR3, and FcγRIII onInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Plasmids manipulate bacterial behaviour through translational regulatory crosstalk.PLoS biology · 2023Article
- Why do plasmids manipulate the expression of bacterial phenotypes?Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Review
- Current Trends in Understanding and Managing Equine Rhodococcosis.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Review
- Effect of Macrolide and Rifampin Resistance on the Fitness of Rhodococcus equi.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2019Article
- Formation of phenotypic lineages in Salmonella enterica by a pleiotropic fimbrial switch.PLoS genetics · 2018Article
- VapA of Rhodococcus equi binds phosphatidic acid.Molecular microbiology · 2018Article
- Identification of a VapA virulence factor functional homolog in Rhodococcus equi isolates housing the pVAPB plasmid.PloS one · 2018Article
- Molecular analysis of the chromosomal 16S rRNA gene and vapA plasmid gene of Polish field strains of R. equi.PloS one · 2018Article
- Rescue of an intracellular avirulent Rhodococcus equi replication defect by the extracellular addition of virulence-associated protein A.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2017Article
- Comparative Genomics of Rhodococcus equi Virulence Plasmids Indicates Host-Driven Evolution of the vap Pathogenicity Island.Genome biology and evolution · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular pathogen of macrophages, relying on the presence of a conjugative virulence plasmid harboring a 21-kb pathogenicity island (PAI) for growth in host macrophages. The PAI encodes a family of 6 virulence-associated proteins (Vaps) in addition to 20 other proteins. The contribution of these to virulence has remained unclear. We show that the presence of only 3 virulence plasmid genes (of 73 in total) is required and sufficient for intracellular growth. These include a single vap family member, vapA, and two PAI-located transcriptional regulators, virR and virS. Both transcriptional regulators are essential for wild-type-level expression of vapA, yet vapA expression alone is not sufficient to allow intracellular growth. A whole-genome microarray analysis revealed that VirR and VirS substantially integrate themselves into the chromosomal regulatory network, significantly altering the transcription of 18% of all chromosomal genes. This pathoadaptation involved significant enrichment of select gene ontologies, in particular, enrichment of genes involved in transport processes, energy production, and cellular metabolism, suggesting a major change in cell physiology allowing the bacterium to grow in the hostile environment of the host cell. The results suggest that following the acquisition of the virulence plasmid by an avirulent ancestor of R. equi, coevolution between the plasmid and the chromosome took place, allowing VirR and VirS to regulate the transcription of chromosomal genes in a process that ultimately promoted intracellular growth. Our findings suggest a mechanism for cooption of existing chromosomal traits during the evolution of a pathogenic bacterium from an avirulent saprophyte.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.