Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26011444›Full record

Trial reportJournal of public health dentistry2015

Examination criteria and calibration procedures for prevention trials of the Early Childhood Caries Collaborating Centers.

John J Warren, Karin Weber-Gasparoni, Norman Tinanoff, Terence S Batliner, Bonnie Jue, William Santo, Raul I Garcia, Stuart A Gansky, Early Childhood Caries Collaborating Centers

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of public health dentistry, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07683910 (Sequential Application of PVP-I and Fluoride Varnish), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07683910 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Sequential Application of PVP-I and Fluoride Varnish: A Prospective Cohort Study

TypeobservationalSponsorAdvantage Silver Dental Arrest, LLCRan2026 to 2029Enrolled393ConditionsDental CariesArmsfluoride varnish, 2.5%, topical fluoride, 2.1%, Povidone Iodine Topical
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Parental Ethnic Identity and Its Influence on Children's Oral Health in American Indian Families.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Association of dental diseases with pulmonary outcomes in a multicenter cohort of adolescents and young adults with CF.Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society · 2026
    Observational
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Diagnosis training and calibration for epidemiological studies on primary and permanent teeth with hypomineralization.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2022
    Article
  15. Influence of Parental Health Literacy on Change over Time in the Oral Health of American Indian Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Validity of Measures Assessing Oral Health Beliefs of American Indian Parents.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2018
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

John J WarrenUniversity of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Karin Weber-GasparoniUniversity of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Norman TinanoffUniversity of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Terence S BatlinerSchool of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA.
Bonnie JueUniversity of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA.
William SantoUniversity of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Raul I GarciaHenry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Stuart A GanskyUniversity of California, San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Early Childhood Caries Collaborating Centers

Funding

Statistics and Data Coordinating CenterU54DE019285 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GANSKY, STUART A · 2008 to 2014
$24.9M
Statistical Core (formerly Statistics and Data Coordinating Center)U54DE019259 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI ALBINO, JUDITH E.N. · 2008 to 2016
$20.6M
Research Program and Administrative CenterU54DE019275 · NIDCR · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI GARCIA, RAUL I · 2008 to 2015
$17.1M
Vision Awards for GM Lead Users GroupU54DE014251 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GANSKY, STUART A · 2001 to 2007
$10.9M
SAN FRANCISCO MATERNAL AND CHILD ORAL HEALTH "PRIME" PROJECTR21DE018650 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI RAMOS-GOMEZ, FRANCISCO J. · 2007 to 2008
$350k
NIDCR NIH HHS R21 DE018650NIDCR NIH HHS R21DE08650NIDCR NIH HHS U54 DE014251NIDCR NIH HHS U54DE014251NIDCR NIH HHS U54 DE019259NIDCR NIH HHS U54DE019259NIDCR NIH HHS U54 DE019275NIDCR NIH HHS U54DE019275NIDCR NIH HHS U54 DE019285NIDCR NIH HHS U54DE019285
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo summarize diagnostic criteria and examiner training and calibration of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research-funded Early Childhood Caries Collaborating Centers (EC4) and report examiner calibration results from 2010 to 2014. The EC4 at Boston University, University of Colorado, and University of California San Francisco are performing randomized controlled early childhood caries (ECC) prevention trials with caries as the main outcome measure.

methodsThe EC4 with University of Iowa consultants developed standardized tooth and tooth surface status examination criteria for use in field conditions, examiner training materials, and examiner calibration and re-calibration methodologies. Calibration and re-calibration were performed with 1- to 5-year-old children in the San Francisco Mission District in which assessments from each examiner to be calibrated were compared with those from a single gold standard examiner from 2010 to 2014. Cohen's kappa statistic was used to determine inter-examiner agreement.

resultsA total of seven examiners were successfully (re)calibrated during that period, examining a total of 231 children. Overall unweighted Cohen's kappas for 10 surface conditions exceeded the criterion of 0.70. However, separate agreement for assessment of noncavitated lesions, as in other studies, was lower.

conclusionsAn experienced multidisciplinary and multi-institutional team was able to develop criteria and training materials to anticipate situations and field conditions the main trials would encounter. Examiners were successfully trained and (re)calibrated.

Indexed as

CalibrationChildDental CariesHumansUnited Statesbias (epidemiology)calibrationchilddental cariesDMF IndexNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (US)observer variationphysical examinations and diagnosespreschoolreproducibility of results

Identifiers

PMID26011444
PMCPMC4655186

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.