ArticlePloS one2015
Sex Hormones Promote Opposite Effects on ACE and ACE2 Activity, Hypertrophy and Cardiac Contractility in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 79 papers.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Phase 2 Trial of the Effect of Antiandrogen Therapy on COVID-19 Outcome: No Evidence of Benefit, Supported by Epidemiology and In Vitro Data.European urology · 2022Trial
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- Probiotic Kefir Improves Renal Disorders in Ovariectomized Female SHR with High Fructose Intake-Induced Metabolic Syndrome.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Effects of Hormone Replacement Treatment with Estrogen and Progestins on the Vascular Renin-Angiotensin System of Ovariectomized Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- UBR1 Promotes Sex-Dependent ACE2 Ubiquitination in Hypertension.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025Article
- Liraglutide improves antioxidant defense in hearts of spontaneously hypertensive female rats independently of changes in blood pressure in a pre-clinical model of menopause.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2025Article
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- Analysis of the demographic profile and influences on the prognosis of COVID-19 treated at a public hospital.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2024Article
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- Renin-Angiotensin System Components and Arachidonic Acid Metabolites as Biomarkers of COVID-19.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Vitamin D-A prominent immunomodulator to prevent COVID-19 infection.International journal of rheumatic diseases · 2023Review
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- The Drosophila melanogaster ACE2 ortholog genes are differently expressed in obesity/diabetes and aging models: Implications for COVID-19 pathology.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2022Article
- The sex and gender dimensions of COVID-19: A narrative review of the potential underlying factors.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Sex-Related Differences, and a Possible Personalized Treatment Approach with Valproic Acid: A Review.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Immunopathogenesis of patients with COVID-19: from the perspective of immune system 'evolution' and 'revolution'.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Functional ACE2 deficiency leading to angiotensin imbalance in the pathophysiology of COVID-19.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2022Review
- Effects of SARS CoV-2, COVID-19, and its vaccines on male sexual health and reproduction: where do we stand?International journal of impotence research · 2022Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is growing interest in sex differences and RAS components. However, whether gender influences cardiac angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) activity is still unknown. In the present work, we determined the relationship between ACE and ACE2 activity, left ventricular function and gender in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsTwelve-week-old female (F) and male (M) SHRs were divided into 2 experimental groups (n = 7 in each group): sham (S) and gonadectomized (G). Fifty days after gonadectomy, we measured positive and negative first derivatives (dP/dt maximum left ventricle (LV) and dP/dt minimum LV, respectively), hypertrophy (morphometric analysis) and ACE and ACE2 catalytic activity (fluorimetrically). Expression of calcium handling proteins was measured by western blot. Male rats exhibited higher cardiac ACE and ACE2 activity as well as hypertrophy compared to female rats. Orchiectomy decreased the activity of these enzymes and hypertrophy, while ovariectomy increased hypertrophy and ACE2, but did not change ACE activity. For cardiac function, the male sham group had a lower +dP/dt than the female sham group. After gonadectomy, the +dP/dt increased in males and reduced in females. The male sham group had a lower -dP/dt than the female group. After gonadectomy, the -dP/dt increased in the male and decreased in the female groups when compared to the sham group. No difference was observed among the groups in SERCA2a protein expression. Gonadectomy increased protein expression of PLB (phospholamban) and the PLB to SERCA2a ratio in female rats, but did not change in male rats.
conclusionOvariectomy leads to increased cardiac hypertrophy, ACE2 activity, PLB expression and PLB to SERCA2a ratio, and worsening of hemodynamic variables, whereas in males the removal of testosterone has the opposite effects on RAS components.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.