ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2015
Extrasynaptic release of GABA and dopamine by retinal dopaminergic neurons.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decoding the roles of bipolar, amacrine, and horizontal cells.Handbook of clinical neurology · 2026Review
- The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline causes ocular toxicity in larvae of zebrafish (Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- The mysterious middlemen making your vision pop: understanding the function of amacrine cells.The Journal of physiology · 2025Review
- Brief report: effects of methylphenidate on the light adapted electroretinogram.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Post marketing safety assessment of the novel postpartum depression drug, Zuranolone: evidence from real-world pharmacovigilance analysis based on the FDA adverse event reporting system.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Dopamine enhances GABAJournal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Adrenoceptors in the Eye - Physiological and Pathophysiological Relevance.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2024Review
- Dopamine enhances GABAbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Modulation of Neuron and Astrocyte Dopamine Receptors via Receptor-Receptor Interactions.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- β-Adrenoreceptors as Therapeutic Targets for Ocular Tumors and Other Eye Diseases-Historical Aspects and Nowadays Understanding.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- GABABiomolecules · 2023Article
- Functional properties of GABAFrontiers in ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Article
- Mice LackingInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Identification of TPBG-Expressing Amacrine Cells in DAT-tdTomato Mouse.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- The Thermodynamically Expensive Contribution of Three Calcium Sources to Somatic Release of Serotonin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Burning the candle at both ends: Intraretinal signaling of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Extrasynaptic Communication.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2021Article
- The Role of Adrenoceptors in the Retina.Cells · 2020Review
- Vesicular Release of GABA by Mammalian Horizontal Cells Mediates Inhibitory Output to Photoreceptors.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In the mouse retina, dopaminergic amacrine (DA) cells synthesize both dopamine and GABA. Both transmitters are released extrasynaptically and act on neighbouring and distant retinal neurons by volume transmission. In simultaneous recordings of dopamine and GABA release from isolated perikarya of DA cells, a proportion of the events of dopamine and GABA exocytosis were simultaneous, suggesting co-release. In addition, DA cells establish GABAergic synapses onto AII amacrine cells, the neurons that transfer rod bipolar signals to cone bipolars. GABAA but not dopamine receptors are clustered in the postsynaptic membrane. Therefore, dopamine, irrespective of its site of release-synaptic or extrasynaptic-exclusively acts by volume transmission. Dopamine is released upon illumination and sets the gain of retinal neurons for vision in bright light. The GABA released at DA cells' synapses probably prevents signals from the saturated rods from entering the cone pathway when the dark-adapted retina is exposed to bright illumination. The GABA released extrasynaptically by DA and other amacrine cells may set a 'GABAergic tone' in the inner plexiform layer and thus counteract the effects of a spillover of glutamate released at the bipolar cell synapses of adjacent OFF and ON strata, thus preserving segregation of signals between ON and OFF pathways.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.