Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26007306›Full record

ArticleCancer epidemiology2015

Indicators of microbial-rich environments and the development of papillary thyroid cancer in the California Teachers Study.

Christina A Clarke, Peggy Reynolds, Ingrid Oakley-Girvan, Eunjung Lee, Yani Lu, Juan Yang, Lisa M Moy, Leslie Bernstein, Pamela L Horn-Ross

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer epidemiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Christina A ClarkeCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States; Department of Health Research and Policy and the Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States. Electronic address: tina@cpic.org.
Peggy ReynoldsCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States; Department of Health Research and Policy and the Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
Ingrid Oakley-GirvanCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States; Department of Health Research and Policy and the Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
Eunjung LeeDepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Yani LuDivision of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Juan YangCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States.
Lisa M MoyCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States.
Leslie BernsteinDivision of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Pamela L Horn-RossCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States.
Cancer Prevention Institute of California · USCity Of Hope National Medical Center · USUniversity of Southern California · US

Funding

CALIFORNIA TEACHERS STUDYR01CA077398 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BERNSTEIN, LESLIE · 1998 to 2014
$29.7M
CALIFORNIA'S PARTICIPATION IN THE NATIONAL CANCER PREVENTION AND CONTRO PROGRAMU58DP000807 · DP · PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE · PI SNIPES, KURT P · 2007 to 2011
$22.5M
Microbial Exposures across the Lifespan and Cancer Risk in WomenR21CA152839 · NCI · CANCER PREVENTION INSTIT OF CALIFORNIA · PI CLARKE, CHRISTINA A · 2010 to 2011
$399k
NCCDPHP CDC HHS U58 DP000807NCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000034CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000035CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000035INCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000036CNCI NIH HHS R01 CA077398NCI NIH HHS R21 CA152839
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLittle epidemiologic research has focused on the role of immune function in papillary thyroid cancer risk despite scattered observations suggesting it may be important (e.g., hygiene hypothesis). Here we investigate papillary thyroid cancer risk associated with self-reported living environments across the lifespan reflecting immunologically relevant exposures to microbial-rich environments.

methodsAmong 61,803 eligible participants in the California Teachers Study cohort, 100 were diagnosed with invasive papillary thyroid cancer between 2005 and 2012. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

resultsLiving in a rural area during early childhood was associated with significantly reduced risk of developing papillary thyroid cancer as an adult (HR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.28-0.94). Specifically, reduced risks were observed for living within a half mile of hoofed animals (HR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.26-0.84), as was having an indoor dog or cat (HR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.32-0.80). Neither sharing a bedroom or living in a rented home as a child nor attending daycare or kindergarten was associated with reduced risk.

conclusionsEarly childhood exposures to hoofed animals or indoor furry pets were associated with reduced risk of subsequently developing papillary thyroid cancer. IMPACT: Our findings point to immunologically relevant, early-life exposures to microbial-rich environments as potentially important in reducing thyroid cancer risk, consistent with the hygiene hypothesis and suggesting that certain, possibly animal-derived, microbial exposures may be important to immune calibration or priming.

Indexed as

EnvironmentHygiene HypothesisPetsAdultAllergensAnimalsCaliforniaCarcinomaCarcinoma, PapillaryCatsChildChild, PreschoolDogsFemaleHumansMaleAllergensCaliforniaEarly-life exposuresHygiene hypothesisMicrobial exposuresThyroid cancer

Identifiers

PMID26007306
PMCPMC4532633
OpenAlexW2123737604

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.