ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2015
Development of an RF-EMF Exposure Surrogate for Epidemiologic Research.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- RF-EMF Exposure Assessment: Comparison of Measurements in Airports and Flights with and Without Wi-Fi Service.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prospective cohort study on non-specific symptoms, cognitive, behavioral, sleep and mental health in relation to electronic media use and transportation noise among adolescents (HERMES): study protocol.Open research Europe · 2024Article
- The effect of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on cognitive performance in human experimental studies: A protocol for a systematic review.Environment international · 2021Article
- The effect of exposure to radiofrequency fields on cancer risk in the general and working population: A protocol for a systematic review of human observational studies.Environment international · 2021Article
- Radio-frequency electromagnetic field exposure and contribution of sources in the general population: an organ-specific integrative exposure assessment.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2021Article
- Radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure assessment: a pilot study on mobile phone signal strength and transmitted power levels.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2021Article
- Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field in the High-Frequency Band and Cognitive Function in Children and Adolescents: A Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- Design of an Integrated Platform for Mapping Residential Exposure to Rf-Emf Sources.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- A Prospective Cohort Study of Adolescents' Memory Performance and Individual Brain Dose of Microwave Radiation from Wireless Communication.Environmental health perspectives · 2018Article
- Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation and Memory Performance: Sources of Uncertainty in Epidemiological Cohort Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Review
- Radiofrequency-electromagnetic field exposures in kindergarten children.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2017Article
- Are Exposures to Multiple Frequencies the Key to Future Radiofrequency Research?Frontiers in public health · 2017Review
- Symptoms in Swiss adolescents in relation to exposure from fixed site transmitters: a prospective cohort study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2016Article
- Characterisation of exposure to non-ionising electromagnetic fields in the Spanish INMA birth cohort: study protocol.BMC public health · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exposure assessment is a crucial part in studying potential effects of RF-EMF. Using data from the HERMES study on adolescents, we developed an integrative exposure surrogate combining near-field and far-field RF-EMF exposure in a single brain and whole-body exposure measure. Contributions from far-field sources were modelled by propagation modelling and multivariable regression modelling using personal measurements. Contributions from near-field sources were assessed from both, questionnaires and mobile phone operator records. Mean cumulative brain and whole-body doses were 1559.7 mJ/kg and 339.9 mJ/kg per day, respectively. 98.4% of the brain dose originated from near-field sources, mainly from GSM mobile phone calls (93.1%) and from DECT phone calls (4.8%). Main contributors to the whole-body dose were GSM mobile phone calls (69.0%), use of computer, laptop and tablet connected to WLAN (12.2%) and data traffic on the mobile phone via WLAN (6.5%). The exposure from mobile phone base stations contributed 1.8% to the whole-body dose, while uplink exposure from other people's mobile phones contributed 3.6%. In conclusion, the proposed approach is considered useful to combine near-field and far-field exposure to an integrative exposure surrogate for exposure assessment in epidemiologic studies. However, substantial uncertainties remain about exposure contributions from various near-field and far-field sources.
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