ArticleJournal of ophthalmic & vision research
PACK-CXL: Corneal Cross-linking for Treatment of Infectious Keratitis.
Article in Journal of ophthalmic & vision research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Science and Clinical Evolution of Corneal Cross-Linking: Mechanism of Action, Ultra-Structural Changes, Clinical Indications, and Emerging Treatment Strategies.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- What We Can Do in Infectious Keratitis, Except for Conventional Antimicrobial-Based Therapies: Major Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Outcome of photodynamic therapy with Rose Bengal in conjunction with topical PHMB and chlorhexidine combination in Acanthamoeba keratitis.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2025Article
- Photoactivated Chromophore for Keratitis-Corneal Cross-linking (PACK-CXL)-A Scoping Review Based on Preclinical Studies.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- How does atmospheric pressure cold helium plasma affect the biomechanical behaviour on alkali-lesioned corneas?BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Collagen cross-linking beyond corneal ectasia: A comprehensive review.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2024Review
- Enhancing Rose Bengal penetration inTherapeutic delivery · 2024Article
- Repeated sessions of PACK-CXL WA for the treatment of resistant bacterial keratitis: a retrospective study.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- How Modifications of Corneal Cross-Linking Protocols Influence Corneal Resistance to Enzymatic Digestion and Treatment Depth.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Article
- Corneal cross-linking guards against infectious keratitis: an experimental model.International ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Infectious Keratitis (PACK-CXL)-A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Factors Involved in Therapeutic Indications and Contraindications.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- Recent Advances in Photodynamic Therapy against Fungal Keratitis.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Genipin in an Ex Vivo Corneal Model of Bacterial and Fungal Keratitis.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- Efficacy of riboflavin/UV-A corneal phototherapy as stand-alone treatment for ulcerative keratitis in horses.Veterinarni medicina · 2021Article
- Photoactivated Chromophore for Keratitis-Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking (PACK-CXL) Improves Outcomes of Treatment-Resistant Infectious Keratitis.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
- High fluence PACK-CXL as adjuvant treatment for advanced Acanthamoeba keratitis.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2019Article
- UV light crosslinking regresses mature corneal blood and lymphatic vessels and promotes subsequent high-risk corneal transplant survival.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2018Article
- Standard, transepithelial and iontophoresis corneal cross-linking: clinical analysis of three surgical techniques.International ophthalmology · 2018Article
- Corneal Cross-Linking Has No Effect on Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 and 13 Levels During Fungal Keratitis on the Early Stage.Mycopathologia · 2018Article
- Changes in interleukin-6 tear concentration and clinical outcome in moderate-to-severe bacterial corneal ulcers after corneal collagen cross-linking.International journal of ophthalmology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This article discusses corneal cross-linking (CXL) and how it transitioned from a modality for treating corneal ectatic disorders to an inventive means of treating infectious keratitis. Initially, CXL was successfully developed to halt the progression of ectatic diseases such as keratoconus, using the standard Dresden protocol. Later, indications were extended to treat iatrogenic ectasia developing after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photo-refractive keratectomy (PRK). At the time, it had been postulated that the combination of ultraviolet light with riboflavin could not only biomechanically strengthen the cornea but also was capable of destroying living cells and organisms including keratocytes and pathogens. Thus a new and innovative concept of treatment for infectious keratitis emerged through the use of CXL technology. Initially only advanced infectious melting ulcers resisting standard microbicidal therapy were treated with CXL in addition to standard therapy. In subsequent studies CXL was also used to treat bacterial keratitis as first line therapy without the use of concomitant antibiotic therapy. With the increasing interest in CXL technology to treat infectious keratitis and to clearly separate its use from the treatment of ectatic disorders, a new term was adopted at the 9(th) CXL congress in Dublin for this specific indication: PACK-CXL (photoactivated chromophore for infectious keratitis). PACK-CXL has the potential to eventually become an interesting alternative to standard antibiotic therapy in treating infectious corneal disorders, and may help reduce the global burden of microbial resistance to antibiotics and other therapeutic agents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.