Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26004221›Full record

ArticleActa biomaterialia2015

The biological response to nanometre-sized polymer particles.

Aiqin Liu, Laura Richards, Catherine L Bladen, Eileen Ingham, John Fisher, Joanne L Tipper

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Acta biomaterialia, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. In Vitro Wear Simulation of a Kinematically Aligned Knee Implant Tilted at an Angle of 8°.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Aiqin LiuInstitute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. Electronic address: A.Liu@leeds.ac.uk.
Laura RichardsInstitute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Catherine L BladenInstitute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Eileen InghamInstitute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
John FisherInstitute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Joanne L TipperInstitute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
University of Leeds · GB

Funding

Wellcome Trust WT088908/z/09/z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recently, nanometre-sized UHMWPE particles generated from hip and knee replacements have been identified in vitro and in vivo. UHMWPE particles in the 0.1-1.0μm size range have been shown to be more biologically active than larger particles, provoking an inflammatory response implicated in late aseptic loosening of total joint replacements. The biological activity of nanometre-sized particles has not previously been studied. The biological response to clinically-relevant UHMWPE wear particles including nanometre-sized and micrometre-sized, along with polystyrene particles (FluoSpheres 20nm, 60nm, 200nm and 1.0μm), and nanometre-sized model polyethylene particles (Ceridust 3615®), was determined in terms of osteolytic cytokine release from primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs). Nanometre-sized UHMWPE wear particles, nanometre-sized Ceridust 3615® and 20nm FluoSpheres had no significant effect on TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 release from PBMNCs at a concentration of 100μm(3) particles per cell after 12 and 24h. The micrometre-size UHMWPE wear particles (0.1-1.0μm) and 60nm, 200nm and 1.0μm FluoSpheres caused significantly elevated osteolytic cytokine release from PBMNCs. These results indicated that particles below circa 50nm fail to activate PBMNCs and that particle size, composition and morphology played a crucial role in cytokine release by particle stimulated macrophages.

Indexed as

AdultCells, CulturedCytokinesDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleHumansImmunologic FactorsLeukocytes, MononuclearMaleMaterials TestingMiddle AgedNanoparticlesParticle SizePolyethylenesYoung AdultCytokinesImmunologic FactorsPolyethylenesultra-high molecular weight polyethyleneBioactivityJoint replacementNanoparticleOsteolysisPolyethylene

Identifiers

PMID26004221
PMCPMC4535318
OpenAlexW221027302

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.