ReviewAuto- immunity highlights2013
Blocking type TSH receptor antibodies.
Review in Auto- immunity highlights, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Thyroid hormone signaling in ocular development and diseases.Biological research · 2025Review
- The Use of Biologics for Thyroid Eye Disease.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- The diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism: a bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2024.Gland surgery · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the analytical and clinical characteristics of the siemens immulite®2000 tsi method for determining thyrotropin receptor antibodies.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2025Article
- Graves' Disease: Is It Time for Targeted Therapy? A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Graves disease: latest understanding of pathogenesis and treatment options.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Review
- Understanding the clinical and molecular basis of thyroid orbitopathy: a review of recent evidence.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2024Review
- Article
- Influence of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies Serum Levels in Graves' Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Cureus · 2023Article
- Allosteric Regulation of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors: From Diversity of Molecular Mechanisms to Multiple Allosteric Sites and Their Ligands.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Receptor modulators associated with the hypothalamus -pituitary-thyroid axis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Characterization of Apparently Paradoxical Thyrotropin Binding Inhibitory Immunoglobulins With Neutral Bioactivity.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Article
- Inhibition of TSH/IGF-1 Receptor Crosstalk by Teprotumumab as a Treatment Modality of Thyroid Eye Disease.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
- Management of Graves Thyroidal and Extrathyroidal Disease: An Update.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Review
- Targeting TSH and IGF-1 Receptors to Treat Thyroid Eye Disease.European thyroid journal · 2020Article
- Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation-Induced Immunoglobulin Production: Significance on Autoimmunity.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Is There Evidence for IGF1R-Stimulating Abs in Graves' Orbitopathy Pathogenesis?International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Stimulatory Thyrotropin Receptor Antibodies Are a Biomarker for Graves' Orbitopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Preclinical studies on the toxicology, pharmacokinetics and safety of K1-70Auto- immunity highlights · 2019Article
- Potential Roles of CD34+ Fibrocytes Masquerading as Orbital Fibroblasts in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
TSH receptor (TSHR) autoantibodies (TRAbs) play a key role in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease. In the majority of patients, TRAbs stimulate thyroid hormone synthesis via activation of the TSHR (stimulating TRAbs, TSHR agonists). In some patients, TRAbs bind to the receptor but do not cause activation (blocking TRAbs, TSHR antagonists). Isolation of human TSHR monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with either stimulating (M22 and K1-18) or blocking activities (5C9 and K1-70) has been a major advance in studies on the TSHR. The binding characteristics of the blocking MAbs, their interaction with the TSHR and their effect on TSHR constitutive activity are summarised in this review. In addition, the binding arrangement in the crystal structures of the TSHR in complex with the blocking MAb K1-70 and with the stimulating MAb M22 (2.55 Å and 1.9 Å resolution, respectively) are compared. The stimulating effect of M22 and the inhibiting effect of K1-70 on thyroid hormone secretion in vivo is discussed. Furthermore the ability of K1-70 to inhibit the thyroid stimulating activity of M22 in vivo is shown. Human MAbs which act as TSHR antagonists are potentially important new therapeutics. For example, in Graves' disease, K1-70 may well be effective in controlling hyperthyroidism and the eye signs caused by stimulating TRAb. In addition, hyperthyroidism caused by autonomous TSH secretion should be treatable by K1-70, and 5C9 has the potential to control hyperthyroidism associated with TSHR activating mutations. Furthermore, K1-70 has potential applications in thyroid imaging as well as targeted drug delivery to TSHR expressing tissues.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.