ReviewCurrent treatment options in infectious diseases
Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs: Appropriate Measures and Metrics to Study their Impact.
Review in Current treatment options in infectious diseases. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 176 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions to Improve Antimicrobial Stewardship for Older People in Care Homes: A Systematic Review.Drugs & aging · 2019Pooled it
- Antibiotic stewardship interventions in hospitals in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2018Pooled it
- Comparison of Four Days Versus Seven Days Duration of Antibiotic Therapy for Neonatal Pneumonia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2018Trial
- ASP-COMPLEX: redefining antimicrobial stewardship to improve outcomes in high-risk patients with severe infections.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Review
- Clinical and genomic determinants associated with emergent ceftazidime-avibactam plus aztreonam non-susceptibility in ceftazidime-avibactam resistantAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Exploration of Providers' Perceptions and Attitudes Toward Phage Therapy and Intentions for Future Adoption as an Alternative to Traditional Antibiotics in the US-A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Trends in Antimicrobial Consumption in Tertiary Care Hospitals in Costa Rica from 2017 to 2021: A Comparative Analysis of Defined Daily Doses per 100 Bed Days and per 100 Discharges.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Longitudinal Trends in In-Patient Antibiotic Consumption According to the WHO Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) Antibiotic Groups and Cost: An Analysis of Data at a National Antimicrobial Consumption Network (NAC-NET) Site in North India over 7 Years (2017-2023).Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Investigating the Variability among Indicators for Quantifying Antimicrobial Use in the Intensive Care Units: Analysis of Real-world Evidence.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
- Automated surveillance of antimicrobial consumption in intensive care, northern Sweden: an observational case study.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2024Observational
- Evaluation of antimicrobial stewardship activities using antibiotic spectrum coverage.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Time is running out. No excuses to delay implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programmes: impact, sustainability, resilience and efficiency through an interrupted time series analysis (2017-2022).JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of antimicrobial usage: the first step for antimicrobial stewardship.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2024Article
- Use of antimicrobials in pediatric wards of five Brazilian hospitals.BMC pediatrics · 2024Observational
- Five steps to high quality antimicrobial stewardship research.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2024Article
- Clinical decision support for gastrointestinal panel testing.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2024Article
- The prevalence of gram-negative bacteria with difficult-to-treat resistance and utilization of novel β-lactam antibiotics in the southeastern United States.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial Stewardship in the Hospital Setting: A Narrative Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Broad Spectrum Antibiotics Consumption in the Intensive Care Setting.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2023Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antimicrobial stewardship is a new field that struggles to find the right balance between meaningful and useful metrics to study the impact of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs). ASP metrics primarily measure antimicrobial use, although microbiological resistance and clinical outcomes are also important measures of the impact an ASP has on a hospital and its patient population. Antimicrobial measures looking at consumption are the most commonly used measures, and are focused on defined daily doses, days of therapy, and costs, usually standardized per 1,000 patient-days. Each measure provides slightly different information, with their own upsides and downfalls. Point prevalence measurement of antimicrobial use is an increasingly used approach to understanding consumption that does not entirely rely on sophisticated electronic information systems, and is also replicable. Appropriateness measures hold appeal and promise, but have not been developed to the degree that makes them useful and widely applicable. The primary reason why antimicrobial stewardship is necessary is the growth of antimicrobial resistance. Accordingly, antimicrobial resistance is an important metric of the impact of an ASP. The most common approach to measuring resistance for ASP purposes is to report rates of common or important community- or nosocomial-acquired antimicrobial-resistant organisms, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile. Such an approach is dependent on detection methods, community rates of resistance, and co-interventions, and therefore may not be the most accurate or reflective measure of antimicrobial stewardship interventions. Development of an index to reflect the net burden of resistance holds theoretical promise, but has yet to be realized. Finally, programs must consider patient outcome measures. Mortality is the most objective and reliable method, but has several drawbacks. Disease- or organism-specific mortality, or cure, are increasingly used metrics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.