ReviewDigestive diseases and sciences2015
Transitioning from Idiopathic to Explainable Autoimmune Hepatitis.
Review in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis by Varenicline and Infliximab as a Continuous Disease Spectrum with Two Different Flares: Acute Liver Injury Followed by Hepatic Autoimmunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Introducing Molecular Chaperones into the Causality and Prospective Management of Autoimmune Hepatitis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2023Review
- COVID-19 vaccine triggered autoimmune hepatitis: case report.European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice · 2023Article
- Missing Causality and Heritability of Autoimmune Hepatitis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2023Article
- Advancing Biologic Therapy for Refractory Autoimmune Hepatitis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2022Review
- Expression of HLA and Autoimmune Pathway Genes in Liver Biopsies of Young Subjects With Autoimmune Hepatitis Type 1.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2022Article
- Immune Inhibitory Properties and Therapeutic Prospects of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta and Interleukin 10 in Autoimmune Hepatitis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2022Review
- Epigenetic Aspects and Prospects in Autoimmune Hepatitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Etiopathogenesis and Diagnostic Strategies in Autoimmune Hepatitis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Exploring the Pathogenic Role and Therapeutic Implications of Interleukin 2 in Autoimmune Hepatitis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2021Review
- The Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver clinical practice guidance: the diagnosis and management of patients with autoimmune hepatitis.Hepatology international · 2021Article
- Genetic risk factors for autoimmune hepatitis: implications for phenotypic heterogeneity and biomarkers for drug response.Human genomics · 2021Review
- Autoimmune Hepatitis: Shifts in Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Pathways among Egyptian Patients.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Autoimmune Hepatitis: Surviving Crises of Doubt and Elimination.Clinical liver disease · 2020Review
- Examining pathogenic concepts of autoimmune hepatitis for cues to future investigations and interventions.World journal of gastroenterology · 2019Review
- Novel HLA Class I Alleles Outside the Extended DR3 Haplotype Are Protective against Autoimmune Hepatitis.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2019Article
- Evolving Role of Vitamin D in Immune-Mediated Disease and Its Implications in Autoimmune Hepatitis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2019Review
- Autoimmune Hepatitis-Immunologically Triggered Liver Pathogenesis-Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of immunology research · 2019Review
- Extrahepatic Autoimmune Diseases are Prevalent in Autoimmune Hepatitis Patients and Their First-Degree Relatives: Survey Study.Interactive journal of medical research · 2018Article
- Under-Evaluated or Unassessed Pathogenic Pathways in Autoimmune Hepatitis and Implications for Future Management.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis lacks an identifiable cause, and its diagnosis requires the exclusion of etiologically defined diseases that resemble it. Insights into its pathogenesis are moving autoimmune hepatitis from an idiopathic to explainable disease, and the goal of this review is to describe the insights that are hastening this transition. Two types of autoimmune hepatitis are justified by serological markers, but they also have distinctive genetic associations (DRB1 and DQB1 genes) and autoantigens. DRB1 alleles are the principal susceptibility factors in white adults, and a six amino acid sequence encoded in the antigen-binding groove of class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complex can influence the selection of autoantigens. Polymorphisms, including variants of SH2B3 and CARD10 genes, may affect immune reactivity and disease severity. The cytochrome mono-oxygenase, CYP2D6, is the autoantigen associated with type 2 autoimmune hepatitis, and it shares homologies with multiple viruses that might promote self-intolerance by molecular mimicry. Chemokines, especially CXCL9 and CXCL10, orchestrate the migration of effector cells to sites of injury and are associated with disease severity. Cells of the innate and adaptive immune responses promote tissue damage, and possible deficiencies in the number and function of regulatory T cells may facilitate the injurious process. Receptor-mediated apoptosis is the principal mechanism of hepatocyte loss, and cell-mediated and antibody-dependent mechanisms of cytotoxicity also contribute. Insights that explain autoimmune hepatitis will allow triggering exogenous antigens to be characterized, risk management to be improved, prognostic indices to be refined, and site-specific therapeutic interventions to emerge.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.