ReviewJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2015
Intermittent hypoxia and neurorehabilitation.
Review in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03071393 (Acute Intermittent Hypoxia to Enhance Motor Function After Spinal Cord Injury), which is not on this map. Cited by 98 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Acute Intermittent Hypoxia to Enhance Motor Function After Spinal Cord Injury
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute intermittent hypoxia in spinal cord injury gait rehabilitation: a systematic review of randomized trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- Acute intermittent hypoxia and respiratory muscle recruitment in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A preliminary study.Experimental neurology · 2022Trial
- Single-session effects of acute intermittent hypoxia on breathing function after human spinal cord injury.Experimental neurology · 2021Trial
- Pairing ampakine with brief hypoxia evokes phrenic neuroplasticity via a spinal NMDA receptor-mediated mechanism.Function (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Ampakine-hypoxia pairing reveals a novel NMDA-dependent respiratory neuroplasticity.Function (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Oxygenaging: A Physiological Framework for Geroscience.Aging cell · 2026Review
- Vagal suppression of diurnal variations in acute intermittent hypoxia-induced phrenic long-term facilitation.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Sexual dimorphisms in phrenic long-term facilitation following severe acute intermittent hypoxia.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Effects of a 6-Week Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia Exposure Program on Blood Pressure, Respiratory Function, Cardiac Autonomic Nervous Activity and CRP Levels in Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of intermittent hypoxia and hypoxia-hyperoxia exposure on recovery from delayed onset muscle soreness in physically active men: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Diurnal cycle and acute intermittent hypoxia protocol interact to regulate ventilatory long-term facilitation in unanesthetized rats.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2026Article
- Exploring Hypoxia-Induced Neuroprotection Mechanisms in Post-Stroke Recovery.Translational stroke research · 2025Review
- Phrenic long-term facilitation following acute intermittent hypercapnic-hypoxia in rats.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2025Article
- Hypoxic Preconditioning Mitigates Acute Hypoxia Induced MS/VDB Cholinergic Cell Loss and Memory Impairments.Aging and disease · 2025Article
- Amplification of the therapeutic potential of AMPA receptor potentiators from the nootropic era to today.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2025Review
- Review
- A case report of long-latency evoked diaphragm potentials after exposure to acute intermittent hypoxia in post-West Nile virus meningoencephalitis.Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Effect of intermittent normobaric hypoxia on executive functions assessed with different cognitive tests in healthy young subjects.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Pharmacological modulation of respiratory control: Ampakines as a therapeutic strategy.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Article
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In recent years, it has become clear that brief, repeated presentations of hypoxia [i.e., acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH)] can boost the efficacy of more traditional therapeutic strategies in certain cases of neurologic dysfunction. This hypothesis derives from a series of studies in animal models and human subjects performed over the past 35 yr. In 1980, Millhorn et al. (Millhorn DE, Eldridge FL, Waldrop TG. Respir Physiol 41: 87-103, 1980) showed that electrical stimulation of carotid chemoafferent neurons produced a persistent, serotonin-dependent increase in phrenic motor output that outlasts the stimulus for more than 90 min (i.e., a "respiratory memory"). AIH elicits similar phrenic "long-term facilitation" (LTF) by a mechanism that requires cervical spinal serotonin receptor activation and de novo protein synthesis. From 2003 to present, a series of studies demonstrated that AIH can induce neuroplasticity in the injured spinal cord, causing functional recovery of breathing capacity after cervical spinal injury. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that repeated AIH (rAIH) can induce recovery of limb function, and the functional benefits of rAIH are greatest when paired with task-specific training. Since uncontrolled and/or prolonged intermittent hypoxia can elicit pathophysiology, a challenge of intermittent hypoxia research is to ensure that therapeutic protocols are well below the threshold for pathogenesis. This is possible since many low dose rAIH protocols have induced functional benefits without evidence of pathology. We propose that carefully controlled rAIH is a safe and noninvasive modality that can be paired with other neurorehabilitative strategies including traditional activity-based physical therapy or cell-based therapies such as intraspinal transplantation of neural progenitors.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.