ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2015
Absence of Cerebrospinal Fluid Signs of Neuronal Injury Before and After Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy in Acute HIV Infection.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alterations of Brain Metabolites in Adults With HIV: A Systematic Meta-analysis of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies.Neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Implications and prospects of immunological and neuroimaging research in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Serum and CSF biomarkers in asymptomatic patients during primary HIV infection: a randomized study.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Trial
- Neurological Response to cART vs. cART plus Integrase Inhibitor and CCR5 Antagonist Initiated during Acute HIV.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Review
- Neuroaxonal Injury in Acute HIV Infection and Following Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Association between cognitive function, socio-clinical factors and biomarkers among Panamanian adults living with and without HIV: A cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Neuropathogenesis of acute HIV: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic approaches.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Central Nervous System Effects of Early HIV Infection and Consequences of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation during Acute HIV.Viruses · 2024Review
- Impact of interrupting antiretroviral therapy started during primary HIV-1 infection on plasma neurofilament light chain protein, a marker of neuronal injury: The SPARTAC trial.Journal of virus eradication · 2024Article
- Cognitive Health in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The Impact of Early Treatment, Comorbidities, and Aging.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- HIV viral transcription and immune perturbations in the CNS of people with HIV despite ART.JCI insight · 2022Article
- HIV Compartmentalization in the CNS and Its Impact in Treatment Outcomes and Cure Strategies.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Review
- Article
- The effect of vitamin B supplementation on neuronal injury in people living with HIV: a randomized controlled trial.Brain communications · 2022Article
- Blood Biomarkers of Neuronal/Axonal and Glial Injury in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders · 2022Article
- Central Nervous System Effects of COVID-19 in People with HIV Infection.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Neuroimaging the Neuropathogenesis of HIV.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- A longitudinal analysis of brain extracellular free water in HIV infected individuals.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Regional brain volumetric changes despite 2 years of treatment initiated during acute HIV infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 10 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIt is unknown whether neuronal injury begins during acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and whether immediate initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) prevents neuronal injury.
methodsCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light chain (NFL), a measure of axonal injury, was assessed before and after cART initiation in individuals starting treatment during acute or chronic HIV infection. Nonparametric statistics examined relationships between NFL and disease progression, neuroinflammation, and cognitive performance.
resultsBefore treatment, subjects with acute infection had lower CSF NFL levels, with elevations for their age in 1 of 32 subjects with acute infection (3.1%) and 10 of 32 with chronic infection (31%) (P = .006). This persisted after cART initiation, with 1 of 25 acute (4%) and 4 of 9 chronic subjects (44%) showing elevated NFL levels (P = .01). In acute infection, pre-cART NFL levels were inversely correlated with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic findings of N-acetylaspartate/creatine in frontal gray matter (r = -0.40; P = .03), frontal white matter (r = -0.46; P = .01), and parietal gray matter (r = -0.47; P = .01); correlations persisted after treatment in the frontal white matter (r = -0.51; P = .02) and parietal gray matter (r = -0.46; P = .04).
conclusionsCSF NFL levels are not elevated in untreated acute HIV infection or after 6 months of immediately initiated cART but are abnormal in chronic HIV infection before and after treatment. In acute HIV infection, CSF NFL levels are inversely associated with neuroimaging markers of neuronal health.
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