Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25993052›Full record

ArticlePloS one2015

Impact of Chronic Periodontitis on Levels of Glucoregulatory Biomarkers in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes.

Hasaan G Mohamed, Shaza B Idris, Manal Mustafa, Mutaz F Ahmed, Anne N Åstrøm, Kamal Mustafa, Salah O Ibrahim

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In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Serum cytokines in periodontal diseases.Periodontology 2000 · 2025
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Oral Health Status of Hospitalized Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2020
    Article
  20. Ghrelin and oral diseases.Central-European journal of immunology · 2020
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hasaan G MohamedDepartment of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Shaza B IdrisDepartment of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Manal MustafaOral Health Competence Center in Western Norway, Hordaland, Bergen, Norway.
Mutaz F AhmedHamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Anne N ÅstrømDepartment of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Kamal MustafaDepartment of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Salah O IbrahimDepartment of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease is bidirectional, but information about the effect of chronic periodontitis on the levels of the glucoregulatory biomarkers locally in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is limited. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of 10 glucoregulatory biomarkers in GCF, firstly in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) presenting with and without chronic periodontitis and secondly, in subjects without diabetes, with and without chronic periodontitis. The material comprised a total of 152 subjects, stratified as: 54 with T2DM and chronic periodontitis (G1), 24 with T2DM (G2), 30 with chronic periodontitis (G3) and 44 without T2DM or periodontitis (G4). The levels of the biomarkers were measured using multiplex biometric immunoassays. Periodontal pocket depths were recorded in mm. Subsets G1 and G2 and subsets G3 and G4 were compared independently. Among T2DM subjects, GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon were significantly up-regulated in G1 compared to G2. Moreover, there were no statistical differences between the two groups regarding C-peptide, insulin, ghrelin, leptin and PAI-1. Comparisons among individuals without T2DM revealed significantly lower amounts of C-peptide and ghrelin in G3 than in G4. The number of sites with pocket depth ≥ 4mm correlated negatively with C-peptide (Spearman's correlation co-efficient: -0.240, P < 0.01) and positively with GIP and visfatin (Spearman's correlation co-efficient: 0.255 and 0.241, respectively, P < 0.01). The results demonstrate that chronic periodontitis adversely influences the GCF levels of glucoregulatory biomarkers, as it is associated with disturbed levels of biomarkers related to the onset of T2DM and its medical complications.

Indexed as

AdultBiomarkersChronic PeriodontitisDemographyDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleGingival Crevicular FluidGlucoseHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedBiomarkersGlucose

Identifiers

PMID25993052
PMCPMC4438982

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.