ArticlePloS one2015
Differential cardiovascular outcomes after dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, sulfonylurea, and pioglitazone therapy, all in combination with metformin, for type 2 diabetes: a population-based cohort study.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- RETRACTED: Cardiovascular and mortality outcomes of DPP-4 inhibitors vs. sulfonylureas as metformin add-on therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025 · on this mapPooled it
- Pooled it
- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and risk of heart failure in type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and observational studies.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2016Pooled it
- Which is better, high-dose metformin monotherapy or low-dose metformin/linagliptin combination therapy, in improving glycemic variability in type 2 diabetes patients with insufficient glycemic control despite low-dose metformin monotherapy? A randomized, cross-over, continuous glucose monitoring-based pilot study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2019Trial
- Vildagliptin reduces plasma stromal cell-derived factor-1α in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with glimepiride.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2017Trial
- Observational studies on the association of outpatient antidiabetic medication use and COVID-19 outcomes: are the findings more relevant to diabetes management than to COVID-19 pathology? A mini-review.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular outcomes of type 2 diabetic patients treated with DPP‑4 inhibitors versus sulphonylureas as add-on to metformin in clinical practice.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Optimizing the treatment of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus with combination of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and metformin: An expert opinion.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2021Review
- Dose Reduction of Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor and its Effect on Medical Costs for Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis.Rheumatology and therapy · 2021Article
- [Cardiovascular preventive recommendations. PAPPS 2020 update].Atencion primaria · 2020Article
- Insulin: too much of a good thing is bad.BMC medicine · 2020Review
- Effect of pioglitazone in acute ischemic stroke patients with diabetes mellitus: a nested case-control study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2019Article
- Impact of metformin use on the cardiovascular effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: An analysis of Medicare claims data from 2007 to 2015.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019Article
- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor compared with sulfonylurea in combination with metformin: cardiovascular and renal outcomes in a propensity-matched cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2019Article
- Different patterns of second-line treatment in type 2 diabetes after metformin monotherapy in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden (D360 Nordic): A multinational observational study.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2018Article
- Glitazones and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors as the second-line oral anti-diabetic agents added to metformin reduce cardiovascular risk in Type 2 diabetes patients: a nationwide cohort observational study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2018 · on this mapObservational
- Combination therapy of oral hypoglycemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2017Review
- Combination Therapy of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2017Review
- Observational
- Novel oral glucose-lowering drugs are associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events and severe hypoglycaemia compared with insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2017Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesData on the comparative effectiveness of oral antidiabetics on cardiovascular outcomes in a clinical practice setting are limited. This study sought to determine whether a differential risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) exists for the combination of a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor plus metformin versus a sulfonylurea derivative plus metformin or pioglitazone plus metformin.
methodsWe conducted a cohort study of 349,476 patients who received treatment with a DPP-4 inhibitor, sulfonylurea, or pioglitazone plus metformin for type 2 diabetes using the Korean national health insurance claims database. The incidence of total CVD and individual outcomes of myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), and ischemic stroke (IS) were assessed using the hazard ratios (HRs) estimated from a Cox proportional-hazards model weighted for a propensity score.
resultsDuring follow-up, 3,881 patients developed a CVD, including 428 MIs, 212 HFs, and 1,487 ISs. The adjusted HR with 95% confidence interval (CI) for a sulfonylurea derivative plus metformin compared with a DPP-4 inhibitor plus metformin was 1.20 (1.09-1.32) for total CVD; 1.14 (1.04-1.91) for MI; 1.07 (0.71-1.62) for HF; and 1.51 (1.28-1.79) for IS. The HRs with 95% CI for total CVD, MI, HF, and IS for pioglitazone plus metformin were 0.89 (0.81-0.99), 1.05 (0.76-1.46), 4.81 (3.53-6.56), and 0.81 (0.67-0.99), respectively.
conclusionsCompared with a DPP-4 inhibitor plus metformin, treatment with a sulfonylurea drug plus metformin was associated with increased risks of total CVD, MI, and IS, whereas the use of pioglitazone plus metformin was associated with decreased total CVD and IS risks.
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