ReviewClinical drug investigation2015
Diclofenac sodium injection (akis(®), dicloin (®)): a review of its use in the management of pain.
Review in Clinical drug investigation, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of an injectable thermosensitive hydrogel depot system for controlled and sustained subcutaneous drug delivery.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Preparation of amino-modified cellulose aerogels and adsorption on typical diclofenac sodium contaminant.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Review
- Low-dose diclofenac in patients with fragility fractures.Clinical cases in mineral and bone metabolism : the official journal of the Italian Society of Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism, and Skeletal DiseasesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A novel formulation of diclofenac sodium suitable for subcutaneous or intramuscular injection (Akis(®), Dicloin(®)) has been developed using the complexing agent hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) as a solubility enhancer. Diclofenac HPβCD is available in several European countries, where it is indicated for use in adults with acute forms of pain, including postoperative pain. Clinical trials have demonstrated the analgesic efficacy of diclofenac HPβCD in terms of relieving moderate to severe postoperative pain in patients undergoing dental surgery or minor orthopaedic surgery. Subcutaneous diclofenac HPβCD also effectively relieved moderate to severe neuropathic pain, related to cancer or not. Diclofenac HPβCD was generally well tolerated in clinical trials, with injection-site reactions among the most commonly reported adverse events. The local tolerability of diclofenac HPβCD was consistently rated as 'good' or 'excellent' across all studies. Subcutaneous administration of diclofenac is a valid alternative to intramuscular delivery, with the advantages of easier administration, the availability of additional body sites suitable for injection and the potential for self-administration. Thus, diclofenac HPβCD 25, 50 or 75 mg/mL solution for subcutaneous or intramuscular injection extends the treatment options available for use in the management of pain in adults.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.