Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25987833›Full record

ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2015

Comparative fasting bioavailability of two clopidogrel formulations in healthy Mediterranean volunteers: an in vitro-in vivo correlation.

Abdel Naser Zaid, Rowa' Al Ramahi, Rana Bustami, Ayman Mousa, Sewar Khasawneh

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Abdel Naser ZaidDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and health sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Rowa' Al RamahiDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and health sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Rana BustamiPharmaceutical Research Unit, Amman, Jordan.
Ayman MousaR&D Department, Middle East Pharmaceutical Industries Co Ltd, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sewar KhasawnehPharmaceutical Research Unit, Amman, Jordan.
An-Najah National University · PS

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two drug products, generic clopidogrel bisulfate 75 mg film-coated tablets versus the reference Plavix(®) clopidogrel bisulfate 75 mg film-coated tablets.

methodsBioequivalence of tablets was tested by comparisons against the reference brand product in accordance with the requirements of the Declaration of Helsinki, the current Good Clinical Practice Guidelines, and the International Conference on Harmonization.

resultsThe relationship between concentration and peak area ratio was found to be linear within the range 24.500-1,836.600 pg/mL for clopidogrel. The correlation coefficient (r) was always greater than 0.99 during the course of the validation. Statistical comparison of the main pharmacokinetic parameters showed no significant difference between test and reference. The point estimates (ratios of geometric mean) were 104.122%, 104.184%, and 109.091% for areas under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) AUC0-last, AUC0-∞, and peak plasma concentration C max, respectively. These pharmacokinetic parameter values of clopidogrel and its main metabolite lie within the bioequivalence limit (80%-125%) specified by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency.

conclusionThe tested drug product was bioequivalent to the reference drug under fasting conditions and had the same safety profile, which is important to achieve equivalent therapeutic effect with the reference.

Indexed as

AdultArabsBiological AvailabilityChemistry, PharmaceuticalClopidogrelFemaleHalf-LifeHealthy VolunteersHumansMaleMiddle AgedPlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsReference StandardsSmokingSolubilityTiclopidineClopidogrelPlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsTiclopidinebioequivalenceclopidogrelfilm coatingstability

Identifiers

PMID25987833
PMCPMC4422294
OpenAlexW1648539156

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.