ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2015
Risk Factors for Acquisition and Loss of Clostridium difficile Colonization in Hospitalized Patients.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Predisposing Factors of Nosocomial Infections in Hospitalized Patients in the United Kingdom: Systematic Review.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Pooled it
- Clostridioides difficile colonization amplification despite limited in-hospital transmission: A modeling study.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Factors affecting hospital-acquired infections in hospitalized patients in iran: a qualitative study.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Antibiotic Use and the Risk of Hospital-Onset Clostridioides Difficile Infection.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Heterogeneity of Clostridioides difficile asymptomatic colonization prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- Screening for Asymptomatic Clostridioides difficile Carriage Among Hospitalized Patients: A Narrative Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2023Review
- Article
- Risk-aware temporal cascade reconstruction to detect asymptomatic cases.Knowledge and information systems · 2022Article
- Preliminary trial of 24 vs 72 hour perioperative meropenem in patients with ESBL-producingCentral European journal of urology · 2022Article
- Clostridium difficile Colonization Before and After Hospitalization in Children.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2021Article
- Correlation between antibiotic consumption and the incidence of healthcare facility-onset Clostridioides difficile infection: a retrospective chart review and analysis.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2021Article
- A Physician-Driven Quality Improvement Stewardship Intervention Using Lean Six Sigma Improves Patient Care for Community-Acquired Pneumonia.Global journal on quality and safety in healthcare · 2021Article
- Evaluating a Pharmacy-Driven 72-Hour Antibiotic Monitoring Program Implemented in a Community Hospital.Hospital pharmacy · 2021Article
- Article
- Characterization of Non-ToxigenicJournal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Diarrhoeal events can trigger long-term Clostridium difficile colonization with recurrent blooms.Nature microbiology · 2020Article
- Risk factors for Clostridioides difficile infection and colonization among patients admitted to an intensive care unit in Shanghai, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalized adults and the first isolation of C. difficile PCR ribotype 027 in central China.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Asymptomatic colonization may contribute to Clostridium difficile transmission. Few data identify which patients are at risk for colonization. We performed a prospective cohort study of C. difficile colonization and risk factors for C. difficile acquisition and loss in hospitalized patients. Patients admitted to medical or surgical wards at a tertiary care hospital were enrolled; interviews and chart review were performed to determine patient demographics, C. difficile infection (CDI) history, medications, and health care exposures. Stool samples/rectal swabs were collected at enrollment and discharge; stool samples from clinical laboratory tests were also included. Samples were cultured for C. difficile, and the isolates were tested for toxins A and B and ribotyped. Chi-square tests and univariate logistic regression were used for the analyses. Two hundred thirty-five patients were enrolled. Of the patients, 21% were colonized with C. difficile (toxigenic and nontoxigenic) at admission and 24% at discharge. Ribotype 027 accounted for 6% of the strains at admission and 12% at discharge. Of the patients colonized at admission, 78% were also colonized at discharge. Cephalosporin use was associated with C. difficile acquisition (47% of patients who acquired C. difficile versus 25% of patients who did not; P = 0.03). β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor combinations were associated with a loss of C. difficile colonization (36% of patients who lost C. difficile colonization versus 8% of patients colonized at both admission and discharge; P = 0.04), as was metronidazole (27% versus 3%; P = 0.03). Antibiotic use affects the epidemiology of asymptomatic C. difficile colonization, including acquisition and loss, and it requires additional study.
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