ArticleJournal of abnormal child psychology2016
Reinforcement and Stimulant Medication Ameliorate Deficient Response Inhibition in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
Article in Journal of abnormal child psychology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04964427 (The Effects of Methylphenidate), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effects of Methylphenidate (MPH) and Non-invasive Brain Stimulation (tDCS) on Inhibitory Control Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- Baseline performance moderates stimulant effects on cognition in youth with ADHD.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- How do stimulant treatments for ADHD work? Evidence for mediation by improved cognition.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2018Trial
- Dynamic modeling in neurocognitive frameworks of childhood ADHD: a review of inhibitory control and reward systems.Translational psychiatry · 2026Review
- Reward processing differences in autism: current understandings and future directions.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2026Review
- From symptom-based heterogeneity to mechanism-based profiling in youth ADHD: the promise of computational psychiatry.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Methylphenidate stabilizes dynamic brain network organization during tasks probing attention and reward processing in stimulant-naïve children with ADHD.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- The Impact of Sex on Cognitive Control in ADHD: Girls Slow to Inhibit, Boys Inhibit Less, and Both Show Higher Response Variability.Journal of attention disorders · 2024Article
- Response Inhibition in Youth Undergoing Intensive Treatment for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.Journal of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders · 2023Article
- Comparing the Effect of Methylphenidate and Anodal tDCS on Inhibitory Control and Working-Memory in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Study Protocol for a Randomized, within-Subject Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Cognitive control and emotional response in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder comorbidity with disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders.BMC psychiatry · 2021Article
- Motor cortex modulation and reward in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Brain communications · 2021Article
- Tracking Inhibitory Control in Youth With ADHD: A Multi-Modal Neuroimaging Approach.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- The development of inhibitory control in adolescence and prospective relations with delinquency.Journal of adolescence · 2019Article
- Modeling the effects of methylphenidate on interference and evidence accumulation processes using the conflict linear ballistic accumulator.Psychopharmacology · 2019Article
- Response control correlates of anomalous basal ganglia morphology in boys, but not girls, with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Behavioural brain research · 2019Article
- Cognitive Modeling Suggests That Attentional Failures Drive Longer Stop-Signal Reaction Time Estimates in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2019Article
- Article
- Preschool Inhibitory Control Predicts ADHD Group Status and Inhibitory Weakness in School.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2018Article
- Greater delay discounting among girls, but not boys, with ADHD correlates with cognitive control.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2018Article
- Reduced Value-Driven Attentional Capture Among Children with ADHD Compared to Typically Developing Controls.Journal of abnormal child psychology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study examined the degree to which reinforcement, stimulant medication, and their combination impact response inhibition in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Across three studies, participants with ADHD (n = 111, 25 girls) and typically-developing (TD) controls (n = 33, 6 girls) completed a standard version of the stop signal task (SST) and/or a reinforcement-manipulation SST with performance-contingent points. In two of these studies, these tasks were performed under placebo or 0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg methylphenidate (MPH) conditions. Cross-study comparisons were conducted to test hypotheses regarding the separate and combined effects of reinforcement and methylphenidate on response inhibition among children with ADHD relative to TD controls. Baseline response inhibition was worse among children with ADHD compared to controls. MPH produced dose-related improvements in response inhibition in children with ADHD; compared to non-medicated TD controls, 0.3 mg/kg MPH normalized deficient response inhibition, and 0.6 mg/kg MPH resulted in better inhibition in children with ADHD. Reinforcement improved response inhibition to a greater extent for children with ADHD than for TD children, normalizing response inhibition. The combination of MPH and reinforcement improved response inhibition among children with ADHD compared to reinforcement alone and MPH alone, also resulting in normalization of response inhibition despite repeated task exposure. Deficient response inhibition commonly observed in children with ADHD is significantly improved with MPH and/or reinforcement, normalizing inhibition relative to TD children tested under standard conditions.
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