ArticleAIDS (London, England)2015
Cell-to-cell contact facilitates HIV transmission from lymphocytes to astrocytes via CXCR4.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smoldering in the sanctuary: HIV-associated brain injury in the ART era.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Epigenetic mechanisms of HIV and opioid-induced neuropathology: Potential therapies and interventions.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Expression of HIV envelope protein in the human central nervous system.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Isotretinoin promotes elimination of translation-competent HIV latent reservoirs in CD4T cells.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Infectious Diseases.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Antiretrovirals to CCR5 CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing - A paradigm shift chasing an HIV cure.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Review
- Human iPSC-derived brain organoids: A 3D mini-brain model for studying HIV infection.Experimental neurology · 2023Article
- HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brain.Retrovirology · 2023Review
- Characterization and distribution of HIV-infected cells in semen.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- Animal models for studies of HIV-1 brain reservoirs.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Review
- Advancing basic and translational research to deepen understanding of the molecular immune-mediated mechanisms regulating long-term persistence of HIV-1 in microglia in the adult human brain.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Review
- Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid CD4+ T cell infection in humans and macaques during acute HIV-1 and SHIV infection.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (HIV-1) Transcriptional Regulation, Latency and Therapy in the Central Nervous System.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Proteomes, kinases and signalling pathways in virus-induced filopodia, as potential antiviral therapeutics targets.Reviews in medical virology · 2021Review
- Astrocytes are HIV reservoirs in the brain: A cell type with poor HIV infectivity and replication but efficient cell-to-cell viral transfer.Journal of neurochemistry · 2021Article
- Extracellular vesicles regulate gap junction-mediated intercellular communication and HIV-1 infection of human neural progenitor cells.Neurobiology of disease · 2021Article
- Altered expression of fractalkine in HIV-1-infected astrocytes and consequences for the virus-related neurotoxicity.Journal of neurovirology · 2021Article
- Opioid and neuroHIV Comorbidity - Current and Future Perspectives.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- Potential for Virus Endogenization in Humans through Testicular Germ Cell Infection: the Case of HIV.Journal of virology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesHIV reservoir in the brain represents a major barrier for curing HIV infection. As the most abundant, long-lived cell type, astrocytes play a critical role in maintaining the reservoir; however, the mechanism of infection remains unknown. Here, we determine how viral transmission occurs from HIV-infected lymphocytes to astrocytes by cell-to-cell contact. DESIGN AND
methodsHuman astrocytes were exposed to HIV-infected lymphocytes and monitored by live-imaging, confocal microscopy, transmission and three-dimensional electron microscopy. A panel of receptor antagonists was used to determine the mechanism of viral entry.
resultsWe found that cell-to-cell contact resulted in efficient transmission of X4 or X4R5-using viruses from T lymphocytes to astrocytes. In co-cultures of astrocytes with HIV-infected lymphocytes, the interaction occurred through a dynamic process of attachment and detachment of the two cell types. Infected lymphocytes invaginated into astrocytes or the contacts occurred via filopodial extensions from either cell type, leading to the formation of virological synapses. In the synapses, budding of immature or incomplete HIV particles from lymphocytes occurred directly onto the membranes of astrocytes. This cell-to-cell transmission could be almost completely blocked by anti-CXCR4 antibody and its antagonist, but only partially inhibited by anti-CD4, ICAM1 antibodies.
conclusionCell-to-cell transmission was mediated by a unique mechanism by which immature viral particles initiated a fusion process in a CXCR4-dependent, CD4-independent manner. These observations have important implications for developing approaches to prevent formation of HIV reservoirs in the brain.
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