ArticleJAMA neurology2015
Imaging Correlates of Memory and Concussion History in Retired National Football League Athletes.
Article in JAMA neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- History of Sport-Related Concussion and Long-Term Clinical Cognitive Health Outcomes in Retired Athletes: A Systematic Review.Journal of athletic training · 2020Pooled it
- A systematic review of potential long-term effects of sport-related concussion.British journal of sports medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Long-term neurobehavioral and neuroimaging outcomes in athletes with prior concussion(s) and head impact exposure.The Clinical neuropsychologist · 2025Review
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Not Only Trigger for Neurodegeneration but Also for Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy?Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Association of concussion history with psychiatric symptoms, limbic system structure, and kynurenine pathway metabolites in healthy, collegiate-aged athletes.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Shape analysis of the amygdala, hippocampus and thalamus in former American football players.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Brain morphometry in former American football players: findings from the DIAGNOSE CTE research project.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Article
- 18F-Flortaucipir (AV1451) imaging identifies grey matter atrophy in retired athletes.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Functional connectivity changes in neurodegenerative biomarker-positive athletes with repeated concussions.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- History of traumatic brain injury is associated with increased grey-matter loss in patients with mild cognitive impairment.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- The effect of repeated concussions on clinical and neurocognitive symptom severity in different contact sports.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2024Article
- Association between mammillary body atrophy and memory impairment in retired athletes with a history of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Changes in Brain Structure and Function in a Multisport Cohort of Retired Female and Male Athletes, Many Years after Suffering a Concussion: Implications for Neuroplasticity and Neurodegenerative Disease Pathogenesis.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2024Article
- Increased brain age and relationships with blood-based biomarkers following concussion in younger populations.Journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Hippocampal interneuronal dysfunction and hyperexcitability in a porcine model of concussion.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Volumetric MRI Findings in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) and Neuropsychological Outcome.Neuropsychology review · 2023Review
- Long-Term Changes in Brain Connectivity Reflected in Quantitative Electrophysiology of Symptomatic Former National Football League Players.Journal of neurotrauma · 2023Article
- Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury-induced neurodegeneration and inflammation is attenuated by acetyl-L-carnitine in a preclinical model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Co-administration of Nanowired Oxiracetam and Neprilysin with Monoclonal Antibodies to Amyloid Beta Peptide and p-Tau Thwarted Exacerbation of Brain Pathology in Concussive Head Injury at Hot Environment.Advances in neurobiology · 2023Review
- Association of Playing College American Football With Long-term Health Outcomes and Mortality.JAMA network open · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
importanceTo our knowledge, this is the first study to show an association between concussion, cognition, and anatomical structural brain changes across the age spectrum in former National Football League athletes.
objectiveTo assess the relationship of hippocampal volume, memory performance, and the influence of concussion history in retired National Football League athletes with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). DESIGN, SETTING, AND
participantsThis retrospective cohort study assessed differences between groups, mean hippocampal volumes, and memory performance by computing age quintiles based on group-specific linear regression models corrected for multiple comparisons for both athletes and control participants. The study was conducted starting in November 2010 and is ongoing at a research center in the northern region of Texas. This current analysis was conducted from October 9, 2013, to August 21, 2014. Participants included 28 retired National Football League athletes, 8 of whom had MCI and a history of concussion, 21 cognitively healthy control participants, and 6 control participants with MCI without concussion. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Hippocampal volume, age, California Verbal Learning Test scores, and the number of grade 3 (G3) concussions. In addition, the number of games played was examined as an objective variable pertaining to football history.
resultsThe mean (SD) age was 58.1 (13) years for the 28 former athletes and 59.0 (12) years for the 27 control participants. Retired athletes with concussion history but without cognitive impairment had normal but significantly lower California Verbal Learning Test scores compared with control participants (mean [SD], 52.5 [8] vs 60.24 [7]; P = .002); those with a concussion history and MCI performed worse (mean [SD], 37 [8.62]) compared with both control participants (P < .001) and athletes without memory impairment (P < .001). Among the athletes, 17 had a G3 concussion and 11 did not. Older retired athletes with at least 1 G3 concussion had significantly smaller bilateral hippocampal volumes compared with control participants at the 40th age percentile (left, P = .04; right, P = .03), 60th percentile (left, P = .009; right, P = .01), and 80th percentile (left, P = .001; right, P = .002) and a smaller right hippocampal volume compared with athletes without a G3 concussion at the 40th percentile (P = .03), 60th percentile (P = .02), and 80th percentile (P = .02). Athletes with a history of G3 concussion were more likely to have MCI (7 of 7) compared with retired athletes without a history of G3 concussion (1 of 5) older than 63 years (P = .01). In addition, the left hippocampal volume in retired athletes with MCI and concussion was significantly smaller compared with control participants with MCI (P = .03). CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: Prior concussion that results in loss of consciousness is a risk factor for increased hippocampal atrophy and the development of MCI. In individuals with MCI, hippocampal volume loss appears greater among those with a history of concussion.
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