Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25981669›Full record

ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2016

Development of Timd2 as a reporter gene for MRI.

P Stephen Patrick, Tiago B Rodrigues, Mikko I Kettunen, Scott K Lyons, André A Neves, Kevin M Brindle

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
6.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Biogenic Imaging Contrast Agents.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Review
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  12. Review
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  15. Stem Cell Tracing Through MR Molecular Imaging.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2018
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Biomolecular MRI reporters: Evolution of new mechanisms.Progress in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy · 2017
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

P Stephen PatrickDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Tiago B RodriguesCancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Mikko I KettunenCancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Scott K LyonsCancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
André A NevesCancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Kevin M BrindleDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer Research UK Cambridge Center · GB

Funding

Cancer Research UK 16465Cancer Research UK 17242Medical Research Council
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo assess the potential of an MRI gene reporter based on the ferritin receptor Timd2 (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing protein 2), using T1- and T2-weighted imaging.

methodsPellets of cells that had been modified to express the Timd2 transgene, and incubated with either iron-loaded or manganese-loaded ferritin, were imaged using T1- and T2-weighted MRI. Mice were also implanted subcutaneously with Timd2-expressing cells and the resulting xenograft tissue imaged following intravenous injection of ferritin using T2-weighted imaging.

resultsTimd2-expressing cells, but not control cells, showed a large increase in both R2 and R1 in vitro following incubation with iron-loaded and manganese-loaded ferritin, respectively. Expression of Timd2 had no effect on cell viability or proliferation; however, manganese-loaded ferritin, but not iron-loaded ferritin, was toxic to Timd2-expressing cells. Timd2-expressing xenografts in vivo showed much smaller changes in R2 following injection of iron-loaded ferritin than the same cells incubated in vitro with iron-loaded ferritin.

conclusionTimd2 has demonstrated potential as an MRI reporter gene, producing large increases in R2 and R1 with ferritin and manganese-loaded ferritin respectively in vitro, although more modest changes in R2 in vivo. Manganese-loaded apoferritin was not used in vivo due to the toxicity observed in vitro. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance.

Indexed as

AnimalsFemaleFerritinsFluorescent DyesGenes, ReporterHEK293 CellsHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMembrane ProteinsMiceMice, SCIDFerritinsFluorescent DyesMembrane Proteinsferritinmanganesereporter geneT1-weightedT2-weighted

Identifiers

PMID25981669
PMCPMC4832381
OpenAlexW1592495560

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.