ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2015
The emergence of Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotype 001 in Slovakia.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic islands and molecular mechanisms relating to drug-resistance inEmerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Diagnostic Methods ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- The emergence of Clostridium difficile ribotypes 027 and 176 with a predominance of the Clostridium difficile ribotype 001 recognized in Slovakia following the European standardized Clostridium difficile infection surveillance of 2016.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2020Article
- Virulence Factors ofThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2019Review
- The predominance and clustering of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile PCR ribotype 001 isolates in three hospitals in Eastern Slovakia, 2017.Folia microbiologica · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) and to characterise the isolates in 14 departments of ten academic hospitals in Slovakia.
methodsDuring a one-month study (September 2012) all unformed stool samples were investigated using a rapid test to detect the presence of GDH and toxins A/B. Positive samples were cultured anaerobically and C. difficile isolates were characterised by ribotyping, multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeats analysis, and gyrA, rpoB and ermB investigation.
resultsA total of 194 unformed stool samples were investigated and 38 (19.6 %) had a positive rapid test. Of 38 samples, 27 revealed a positive result for GDH and free toxins A/B in the stool, and 11 samples only for the presence of GDH. The mean CDI incidence in 2012 was 5.2 cases per 10,000 patient bed-days. Twenty C. difficile isolates were available for molecular analysis; seventeen belonged to PCR-ribotype 001 (85 %) whereas the remaining three isolates were identified as PCR-ribotypes 017, 078 and 449. MLVA of the PCR-ribotype 001 isolates identified two clonal complexes and a close genetic relatedness between isolates from six different hospitals. Molecular analysis of antibiotic-resistance determinants revealed the presence of ermB gene encoding resistance to the MLSB group of antibiotics in 90 % of isolates, and Thr82Ile amino acid substitution in the gyrA gene associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones in 85 % of isolates.
conclusionsWe conclude that C. difficile PCR-ribotype 001 is the predominant PCR-ribotype in Slovakia with a strong potential for clonal spread and development of multidrug resistance.
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