ArticleImmunology2015
Transfer of the human NKG2D ligands UL16 binding proteins (ULBP) 1-3 is related to lytic granule release and leads to ligand retransfer and killing of ULBP-recipient natural killer cells.
Article in Immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigation of Intercellular Trafficking of Global Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins Using Cell Metabolic Engineering and Transwell Coculture.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Characterization and anti-tuberculosis effects of γδ T cells expanded and activated byVirulence · 2025Review
- Elevated levels of cell-free NKG2D-ligands modulate NKG2D surface expression and compromise NK cell function in severe COVID-19 disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- (Patho)Physiology of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Proteins II: Intercellular Transfer of Matter (Inheritance?) That Matters.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Cross-Dressing of Multiple Myeloma Cells Mediated by Extracellular Vesicles Conveying MIC and ULBP Ligands Promotes NK Cell Killing.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Advancements in CAR-NK therapy: lessons to be learned from CAR-T therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Overcoming tumor resistance mechanisms in CAR-NK cell therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Stem cells-derived natural killer cells for cancer immunotherapy: current protocols, feasibility, and benefits of ex vivo generated natural killer cells in treatment of advanced solid tumors.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Review
- Manipulating the NKG2D Receptor-Ligand Axis Using CRISPR: Novel Technologies for Improved Host Immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Aspects of the Tumor Microenvironment Involved in Immune Resistance and Drug Resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Recent Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of the NKG2D Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Biomolecules · 2020Review
- NK Cell Interaction With Platelets and Myeloid Cells in the Tumor Milieu.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- More than Decoration: Roles for Natural Killer Group 2 Member D Ligand Expression by Immune Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Expression and prognostic significance of unique ULBPs in pancreatic cancer.OncoTargets and therapy · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
After immune interactions, membrane fragments can be transferred between cells. This fast transfer of molecules is transient and shows selectivity for certain proteins; however, the constraints underlying acquisition of a protein are unknown. To characterize the mechanism and functional consequences of this process in natural killer (NK) cells, we have compared the transfer of different NKG2D ligands. We show that human NKG2D ligands can be acquired by NK cells with different efficiencies. The main findings are that NKG2D ligand transfer is related to immune activation and receptor-ligand interaction and that NK cells acquire these proteins during interactions with target cells that lead to degranulation. Our results further demonstrate that NK cells that have acquired NKG2D ligands can stimulate activation of autologous NK cells. Surprisingly, NK cells can also re-transfer the acquired molecule to autologous effector cells during this immune recognition that leads to their death. These data demonstrate that transfer of molecules occurs as a consequence of immune recognition and imply that this process might play a role in homeostatic tuning-down of the immune response or be used as marker of interaction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.