ArticleOncotarget2015
Small molecule inhibition of Axl receptor tyrosine kinase potently suppresses multiple malignant properties of glioma cells.
Article in Oncotarget, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhibition of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase increases osteoblast function and bone mass.Bone research · 2026Article
- Tumor-Suppressive microRNA Therapy Inhibits Growth of Glioblastoma Multiforme Xenografts.Cancers · 2026Article
- Inhibition of FOXM1 Leads to Suppression of Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion Through AXL/eEF2 Kinase Signaling and Induces Apoptosis and Ferroptosis in GBM Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Drugging the efferocytosis process: concepts and opportunities.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2022Review
- The first laminin G-like domain of protein S is essential for binding and activation of Tyro3 receptor and intracellular signalling.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2022Article
- Review
- Regulation of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase AXL in Response to Therapy and Its Role in Therapy Resistance in Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Targeting of the Gas6/Axl Signaling Pathway in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Immuno-oncology: are TAM receptors in glioblastoma friends or foes?Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2021Review
- The Pivotal Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase in the Glioma Microenvironment: Its Biomarker and Therapy Potentials.Analytical cellular pathology (Amsterdam) · 2021Review
- Galectin-3 Stimulates Tyro3 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase and Erk Signalling, Cell Survival and Migration in Human Cancer Cells.Biomolecules · 2020Article
- Article
- Tumour-Secreted Protein S (ProS1) Activates a Tyro3-Erk Signalling Axis and Protects Cancer Cells from Apoptosis.Cancers · 2019Article
- AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase as a Therapeutic Target in Hematological Malignancies: Focus on Multiple Myeloma.Cancers · 2019Review
- Long non-coding RNA LINC00526 represses glioma progression via forming a double negative feedback loop with AXL.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2019Article
- Axl Inhibitor R428 Enhances TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis Through Downregulation of c-FLIP and Survivin Expression in Renal Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Behind the Wheel of Epithelial Plasticity in KRAS-Driven Cancers.Frontiers in oncology · 2019Review
- Does Axl have potential as a therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer?Expert opinion on therapeutic targets · 2018Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) often features a combination of tumour suppressor gene inactivation and multiple oncogene overactivation. The Axl receptor tyrosine kinase is found overexpressed in GBM and thought to contribute to invasiveness, chemoresistance and poor survival. Here, we have evaluated the effect of BGB324, a clinical candidate Axl-specific small molecule inhibitor, on the invasive behaviour of human GBM cells in vitro, as an indicator of its potential in GBM therapy and also to elucidate the role of Axl in GBM pathogenesis.Two cultured adult GBM cell lines, SNB-19 and UP007, were treated with Gas6 and/or BGB324, and analysed in assays for survival, 3D colony growth, motility, migration and invasion. Western blot was used to detect protein expression and signal protein phosphorylation. In both cell lines, BGB324 inhibited specifically phosphorylation of Axl as well as Akt kinase further downstream. BGB324 also inhibited survival and proliferation of both cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner, as well as completely suppressing migration and invasion. Furthermore, our results indicate co-operative activation between the Axl and Tyro3 receptors, as well as ligand-independent Axl signalling, to take place in GBM cells. In conclusion, small molecule inhibitor-led targeting of Axl may be a promising therapy for GBM progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.