SynthesisInternational journal of epidemiology2016
Adult height, coronary heart disease and stroke: a multi-locus Mendelian randomization meta-analysis.
Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph
Synthesis in International journal of epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
10.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Appraising the Causal Role of Risk Factors in Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke: A Systematic Review of Mendelian Randomization Studies.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- Association of Adult Height with Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Pooled it
- Sex-specific relationship between adult height and the risk of stroke: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2019Pooled it
- Taller height as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2017Pooled it
- Body composition, geography and ethnicity: understanding the associations with health.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Review
- Waist-to-Height Ratio and the Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes With and Without Abdominal Obesity.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- The Impact of Early-Life Growth on Long-Term Cardiometabolic and Neurocognitive Outcomes in High-Income Countries: A Neglected Public Health Problem.Nutrition reviews · 2026Review
- Real-World Cardiovascular Research Using the German IQVIA Disease Analyzer Database: Methods, Evidence, and Limitations (2000-2025).Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Independent association of leg-height ratio with 15 cardiometabolic diseases.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- The impact of short maternal height on gestational diabetes.Acta diabetologica · 2025Article
- Insights from the largest diverse ancestry sex-specific disease map for genetically predicted height.NPJ genomic medicine · 2025Article
- Polygenic height prediction for the Han Chinese in Taiwan.NPJ genomic medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of childhood and adult height on later life cardiovascular disease risk estimated through Mendelian randomization.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Sarcopenia prediction model based on machine learning and SHAP values for community-based older adults with cardiovascular disease in China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a polygenic risk score for height in a Greek cohort: Association with blood pressure measurements.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Mendelian randomization analyses clarify the effects of height on cardiovascular diseases.PloS one · 2024Article
- Relationship between Birth Order and Postnatal Growth until 4 Years of Age: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Adult Body Height Is Associated with the Risk of Type 2 but Not Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 783,029 Individuals in Germany.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
81 authors at 20 institutions in 8 countries.
Eveline NüeschFaculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Caroline DaleFaculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Tom M PalmerWarwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Jon WhiteUCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK.
Brendan J KeatingDepartment of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Erik Pa van IperenDepartment of Biostatistics, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Anuj GoelWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sandosh PadmanabhanInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Folkert W AsselbergsDepartment of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
EPIC-Netherland Investigators
W M Verschuren
C Wijmenga
Y T Van der Schouw
N C Onland-MoretEPIC-NL, Bilthoven and Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Leslie A LangeDepartment of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
G K HovinghDepartment of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Suthesh SivapalaratnamDepartment of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Richard W MorrisDepartment of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Peter H WhincupPopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Goya S WannametheDepartment of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Tom R GauntMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Shah EbrahimFaculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Laura SteelDepartment of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Nikhil NairDepartment of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Alexander P ReinerDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA / Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Charles KooperbergDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
James F WilsonUsher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Jennifer L BoltonUsher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Stela McLachlanUsher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Jacqueline F PriceUsher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Mark Wj StrachanMetabolic Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
Christine M RobertsonUsher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Marcus E KleberFifth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Graciela DelgadoFifth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Winfried MärzMedical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetolgy, and Rheumatology), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Germany, Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, Mannheim and Augsburg, Germany, Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
Olle MelanderLund University, Sweden.
Anna F DominiczakInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Martin FarrallWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Hugh WatkinsWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Maarten LeusinkDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Anke H Maitland-van der ZeeDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Mark Ch de GrootDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Frank DudbridgeFaculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Aroon HingoraniDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London Medical School, London, UK.
Yoav Ben-ShlomoSchool of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Debbie A LawlorMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
UCLEB Investigators
A Amuzu
M Caufield
A Cavadino
J Cooper
T L Davies
IN Day
F Drenos
J Engmann
C Finan
C Giambartolomei
R Hardy
S E Humphries
E Hypponen
M Kivimaki
D Kuh
M Kumari
K Ong
V Plagnol
C Power
M Richards
S Shah
T Shah
R Sofat
P J Talmud
N Wareham
H Warren
J C Whittaker
A Wong
D ZabanehUCLEB, London, Edinburgh and Bristol, UK.
George Davey SmithMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Jonathan C WellsChildhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
David A LeonFaculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Michael V HolmesInstitute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Juan P CasasFaculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBUniversity of Bristol · GBCentre for Human Genetics · GBAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam · NLUtrecht University · NLHeidelberg University · DELund University · SESt George's, University of London · GBUniversity College London · GBUniversity of Edinburgh · GBUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · USUniversity of Washington · USWestern General Hospital · GBFred Hutch Cancer Center · USInstitute of Genetics and Cancer · GBMedical University of Graz · ATUniversity Medical Center Utrecht · NLUniversity of Bern · CHUniversity of Glasgow · GB
Funding
Project-001R01AG017644 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF LONDON INST OF NEUROLOGY · PI Andrew Steptoe · 2000 to 2026
$56.2MWomen's Health Initiative Clinical Coordinating CenterN01WH22110 · WH · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI PRENTICE, ROSS L · 2007 to 2010
$22.5MSUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE COORDINATING CENTERN01HC95159 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI KRONMAL, RICHARD A · 2007 to 2014
$19.6MCANDIDATE GENE ASSOCIATION RESOURCE (CARE)N01HC65226 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI GABRIEL, STACEY · 2007 to 2009
$17.0MSUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE STUDY--FIELD CENTERN01HC95160 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI WATSON, KAROL · 2007 to 2015
$7.7MCOMMUNITY AND COHORT SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMSN01HC55015 · NHLBI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI CHAMBLESS, LLOYD E · 2007 to 2010
$7.0MSUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE STUDY-FIELD CENTERN01HC95164 · NHLBI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI LIU, KIANG · 2007 to 2015
$7.0MSUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE STUDY--FIELD CENTERN01HC95161 · NHLBI · COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE · PI SHEA, STEVEN · 2007 to 2014
$6.4MSUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE STUDY--FIELD CENTERN01HC95165 · NHLBI · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI BURKE, GREGORY L · 2007 to 2014
$6.3MSUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE STUDY--FIELD CENTERN01HC95163 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI FOLSOM, AARON R · 2007 to 2014
$6.1MTITLE: MULTI-ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS (MESA)N01HC95162 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI POST, WENDY · 2007 to 2015
$6.0MCCSP - FIELD CENTER AND ULTRASOUND READING CENTERN01HC55018 · NHLBI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI HEISS, GERARDO · 2007 to 2010
$5.1MBritish Heart Foundation CH/98001British Heart Foundation PG/07/131/24254British Heart Foundation PG/13/66/30442British Heart Foundation RG/07/005/23633British Heart Foundation RG/07/008/23674British Heart Foundation RG/08/008/25291British Heart Foundation RG/08/013/25942British Heart Foundation RG/10/12/28456British Heart Foundation RG/13/16/30528British Heart Foundation RG/98002Chief Scientist Office CZB/4/672Chief Scientist Office CZQ/1/38Department of HealthMedical Research Council G0500877Medical Research Council G0802432Medical Research Council G0902037Medical Research Council G1001799Medical Research Council MC_PC_U127561128Medical Research Council MC_UU_12013/1Medical Research Council MC_UU_12013/5Medical Research Council MC_UU_12013/8Medical Research Council MC_UU_12019/1Medical Research Council MR/K006215/1Medical Research Council MR/K013351/1Medical Research Council MR/N01104X/1NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC55015NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC55016NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC55018NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC55019NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC55020NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC55021NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC55022NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC65226NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC95159NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC95160NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC95161NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC95162NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC95163NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC95164NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC95165NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC95166NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC95167NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC95168NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC95169NHLBI NIH HHS N01WH32105NHLBI NIH HHS N01WH32118NHLBI NIH HHS N01WH42107NIA NIH HHS R01 AG017644Wellcome Trust 090532/Z/09/ZWHI NIH HHS N01WH22110WHI NIH HHS N01WH24152WHI NIH HHS N01WH32100WHI NIH HHS N01WH32108WHI NIH HHS N01WH32111WHI NIH HHS N01WH32115WHI NIH HHS N01WH32119WHI NIH HHS N01WH32122WHI NIH HHS N01WH42129WHI NIH HHS N01WH44221
Abstract
Background: We investigated causal effect of completed growth, measured by adult height, on coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and cardiovascular traits, using instrumental variable (IV) Mendelian randomization meta-analysis. Methods: We developed an allele score based on 69 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with adult height, identified by the IBCCardioChip, and used it for IV analysis against cardiovascular risk factors and events in 21 studies and 60 028 participants. IV analysis on CHD was supplemented by summary data from 180 height-SNPs from the GIANT consortium and their corresponding CHD estimates derived from CARDIoGRAMplusC4D. Results: IV estimates from IBCCardioChip and GIANT-CARDIoGRAMplusC4D showed that a 6.5-cm increase in height reduced the odds of CHD by 10% [odds ratios 0.90; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.78 to 1.03 and 0.85 to 0.95, respectively],which agrees with the estimate from the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration (hazard ratio 0.93; 95% CI: 0.91 to 0.94). IV analysis revealed no association with stroke (odds ratio 0.97; 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.19). IV analysis showed that a 6.5-cm increase in height resulted in lower levels of body mass index ( P < 0.001), triglycerides ( P < 0.001), non high-density (non-HDL) cholesterol ( P < 0.001), C-reactive protein ( P = 0.042), and systolic blood pressure ( P = 0.064) and higher levels of forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity ( P < 0.001 for both). Conclusions: Taller individuals have a lower risk of CHD with potential explanations being that taller people have a better lung function and lower levels of body mass index, cholesterol and blood pressure.
Indexed as
Blood PressureBody HeightBody Mass IndexCholesterolCoronary DiseaseGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansLogistic ModelsMendelian Randomization AnalysisObservational Studies as TopicPolymorphism, Single NucleotideRespiratory Function TestsRisk FactorsStrokeTriglyceridesCholesterolTriglycerides
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.